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Difference Between Machine Learning and Deep Learning

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If you are interested in building your career in the IT industry then you must have come across the term Data Science which is a booming field in terms of technologies and job availability as well. In this article, we will learn about the two major fields in Data Science that are Machine Learning and Deep Learning. So, that you can choose which fields suit you best and is feasible to build a career in.

Difference Between Machine Learning and Deep Learning

Difference Between Machine Learning and Deep Learning

What is Machine Learning?

Machine learning is a subfield of artificial intelligence that focuses on the development of algorithms and statistical models that enable computers to learn and make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed. It involves training algorithms on large datasets to identify patterns and relationships and then using these patterns to make predictions or decisions about new data.

What are the Different Types of Machine Learning?

Machine learning is further divided into categories based on the data on which we are training our model.

  • Supervised Learning – This method is used when we have Training data along with the labels for the correct answer.
  • Unsupervised Learning – In this task our main objective is to find the patterns or groups in the dataset at hand because we don’t have any particular labels in this dataset.

What is Deep Learning?

Deep learning, on the other hand, is a subset of machine learning that uses neural networks with multiple layers to analyze complex patterns and relationships in data. It is inspired by the structure and function of the human brain and has been successful in a variety of tasks, such as computer vision, natural language processing, and speech recognition.

Deep learning models are trained using large amounts of data and algorithms that are able to learn and improve over time, becoming more accurate as they process more data. This makes them well-suited to complex, real-world problems and enables them to learn and adapt to new situations.

Hierarchy showing the different field of Data Science

Hierarchy showing the different fields of Data Science

Future of Machine Learning and Deep Learning

Both machine learning and deep learning have the potential to transform a wide range of industries, including healthcare, finance, retail, and transportation, by providing insights and automating decision-making processes.

  • Machine Learning: Machine learning is a subset, an application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that offers the ability of the system to learn and improve from experience without being programmed to that level. Machine Learning uses data to train and find accurate results. Machine learning focuses on the development of a computer program that accesses the data and uses it to learn from itself.
  • Deep Learning: Deep Learning is a subset of Machine Learning where the artificial neural network and the recurrent neural network come in relation. The algorithms are created exactly just like machine learning but it consists of many more levels of algorithms. All these networks of the algorithm are together called the artificial neural network. In much simpler terms, it replicates just like the human brain as all the neural networks are connected in the brain, which exactly is the concept of deep learning. It solves all the complex problems with the help of algorithms and its process.

Difference Between Machine Learning and Deep Learning

So, if you want to give Machine Learning a shot then you can also try GeeksforGeeks Machine Learning Basic and Advanced – Self-Paced course and get a hands-on experience. Mentored by industry experts this self-paced course will provide you with clarity on every concept.  Now let’s look at the difference between Machine Learning and Deep Learning: 

S. No.

Machine Learning

Deep Learning

1.

Machine Learning is a superset of Deep Learning Deep Learning is a subset of Machine Learning

2.

The data represented in Machine Learning is quite different compared to Deep Learning as it uses structured data The data representation used in Deep Learning is quite different as it uses neural networks(ANN).

3.

Machine Learning is an evolution of AI. Deep Learning is an evolution of Machine Learning. Basically, it is how deep is the machine learning.

4.

Machine learning consists of thousands of data points. Big Data: Millions of data points.

5.

Outputs: Numerical Value, like classification of the score. Anything from numerical values to free-form elements, such as free text and sound.

6.

Uses various types of automated algorithms that turn to model functions and predict future action from data. Uses a neural network that passes data through processing layers to, interpret data features and relations.

7.

Algorithms are detected by data analysts to examine specific variables in data sets. Algorithms are largely self-depicted on data analysis once they’re put into production.

8.

Machine Learning is highly used to stay in the competition and learn new things.  Deep Learning solves complex machine-learning issues.

9.

Training can be performed using the CPU (Central Processing Unit). A dedicated GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) is required for training.

10.

More human intervention is involved in getting results. Although more difficult to set up, deep learning requires less intervention once it is running.

11.

Machine learning systems can be swiftly set up and run, but their effectiveness may be constrained.  Although they require additional setup time, deep learning algorithms can produce results immediately (although the quality is likely to improve over time as more data becomes available).

12.

Its model takes less time in training due to its small size. A huge amount of time is taken because of very big data points.

13.

Humans explicitly do feature engineering. Feature engineering is not needed because important features are automatically detected by neural networks.

14.

Machine learning applications are simpler compared to deep learning and can be executed on standard computers. Deep learning systems utilize much more powerful hardware and resources.

15.

The results of an ML model are easy to explain. The results of deep learning are difficult to explain.

16.

Machine learning models can be used to solve straightforward or a little bit challenging issues.  Deep learning models are appropriate for resolving challenging issues.

17.

Banks, doctor’s offices, and mailboxes all employ machine learning already.  Deep learning technology enables increasingly sophisticated and autonomous algorithms, such as self-driving automobiles or surgical robots. 

18.

Machine learning involves training algorithms to identify patterns and relationships in data. Deep learning, on the other hand, uses complex neural networks with multiple layers to analyze more intricate patterns and relationships.

19.

 Machine learning algorithms can range from simple linear models to more complex models such as decision trees and random forests. Deep learning algorithms, on the other hand, are based on artificial neural networks that consist of multiple layers and nodes.

20.

Machine learning algorithms typically require less data than deep learning algorithms, but the quality of the data is more important.  Deep learning algorithms, on the other hand, require large amounts of data to train the neural networks but can learn and improve on their own as they process more data.

21.

Machine learning is used for a wide range of applications, such as regression, classification, and clustering Deep learning, on the other hand, is mostly used for complex tasks such as image and speech recognition, natural language processing, and autonomous systems.

22.

Machine learning algorithms for complex tasks, but they can also be more difficult to train and may require more computational resources. Deep learning algorithms are more accurate than machine learning algorithms.


Last Updated : 05 Jun, 2023
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