Difference Between JPEG and MPEG

Pre-requisites: JPEG, MPFG

JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group. .jpg and .jpeg extensions are used to store images in this format. It uses a lossy compression algorithm, which means some of the image data is lost. 

Advantages of JPEG:

• Small file size: JPEG images can be compressed to small file sizes, making them ideal for sharing over the internet or storing on limited storage devices.
• Widely supported: JPEG is a widely supported image format, and most devices and software can read and display JPEG images.
• High-quality output: JPEG compression allows for high-quality output images, even after compression.
• Adjustable compression level: JPEG compression level can be adjusted to balance file size and image quality.

Disadvantages of JPEG:

• Lossy compression: JPEG compression is lossy, which means that some data is lost during the compression process, resulting in a lower quality image.
• Limited editing: Editing a JPEG image repeatedly can result in further loss of quality due to the lossy compression.
• Not ideal for text or graphics: JPEG compression is not well-suited for compressing text, graphics, or images with sharp edges, as these can become blurry or pixelated after compression.

MPEG stands for Moving Picture Experts Group is a standard used for compressing digital video files. It is also a lossy compression method, but it is optimized for compressing moving images rather than still images. 

Advantages of MPEG:

• Small file size: MPEG compression can reduce the size of a video file significantly, making it easier to store and share.
• High-quality output: MPEG compression can produce high-quality video output, even after compression.
• Adjustable compression level: MPEG compression level can be adjusted to balance file size and video quality.
• Supports various resolutions: MPEG supports various resolutions, from standard definition to high definition, allowing for flexibility in video production.

Disadvantages of MPEG:

• Lossy compression: MPEG compression is lossy, which means that some data is lost during the compression process, resulting in a lower quality video.
• Limited editing: Editing an MPEG video repeatedly can result in further loss of quality due to the lossy compression.
• Complex compression: MPEG compression is a complex process that requires significant computing power, making it challenging for some devices to handle.
• Limited support: Some devices may not support certain MPEG formats, which can cause playback issues.

Similarities between JPEG and MPEG :

• Lossy Compression: Both JPEG and MPEG use lossy compression techniques, which means that they discard some information to reduce file size. This results in a reduction in image and video quality compared to the original content.
• Popular Formats: Both JPEG and MPEG are popular formats used for digital content. JPEG is commonly used for still images, while MPEG is used for video and audio.
• Adjustable Compression: Both formats offer adjustable compression levels, allowing users to choose between smaller file sizes or higher image and video quality.
• Widely Supported: Both formats are widely supported by devices and software, making them accessible and easy to use for a variety of purposes.
• Standards-based: Both formats are based on industry standards, which ensures interoperability and compatibility with different devices and software applications.

Difference between JPEG and MPEG

JPEG	MPEG
JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group.	MPEG stands for Moving Picture Experts Group.
JPEG is primarily used for Web images, digital cameras, other devices that capture still images.	MPEG is primarily used for Movies, TV shows, video clips on the web.
JPEG is mainly used for image compression.	MPEG has various standards for audio and video compression.
Compression ratio of JPEG files is typically 10:1.	Compression ratio of MPEG files can vary from 20:1 or higher depending on the video content.
Compressed as a single JPEG File.	Compressed as a series of frames using inter frame compression.
The extensions used are .jpg and .jpeg.	The extensions used are .mp3 and .mp4.