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Difference between Cyber-Physical System(CPS) and Embedded System

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Pre-requisites: Cyber-Physical System, Embedded System

A cyber-physical system consists of a set of computing devices that communicate with each other and interact with the physical world through sensors and actuators in feedback loops. A cyber-physical system (CPS) is a system that integrates physical and computer components to seamlessly monitor and control physical processes. These systems combine sensing, actuation, computation, and communication functions and use them to improve the overall performance, security, and reliability of physical systems.

Example:  CPS includes self-driving cars, and the STARMAC is a small quadrotor aircraft.

Key Features of CPS 

  • Sensing and Actuation
  • Networked 
  • Real-time processing
  • Safety and Security
CPS

Cyber-Physical System

An embedded system is a computer system integrated into a physical device or product to perform a dedicated function. It is designed to perform specific tasks and functions and is often part of a larger system. Embedded systems are typically built around a microcontroller or microprocessor and may include other components such as sensors, actuators, and input/output interfaces.

An embedded computing system is any device that includes a processing system but is not a general-purpose computer. Embedded system Use application capabilities to optimize the design May have real-time requirements May be power limited.

Examples: Medical equipment, Automobiles.

Key Features of Embedded System

  • Single-purpose
  • Low-power
  • Real-time processing
  • Small form factor
  • Custom hardware
Embedded System

 

Difference between Cyber-Physical System(CPS) and Embedded System

Cyber-Physical System

Embedded System

CPS systems integration of physics with cyber Components networked which is interconnected.

An Embedded system is a software-hardware combination that is built into a device.

The CPS system is to monitor and controls physical processes in a seamless manner.

An Embedded system is only designed for a specific purpose. 

CPS is designed to be adaptable and flexible, with the ability to adjust to changes in the physical environment.

Embedded systems are typically designed for a specific purpose and are less flexible.

Cyber-physical systems are used in complex systems.

Embedded systems are used in various devices such as washing machines, and medical equipment.

To develop cyber-physical systems typically high-level language.

Developing embedded systems are typically low-level languages such as C and assembly language.

CPS devices are designed to interact with physical processes and control them.

It’s not a general-purpose computer system. 

Hardware components use such as Sensors, actuators, control systems, communication networks, and computing devices.

In this system, the main components use like Microcontrollers, sensors, communication modules, memory, and power sources.

CPS systems use more power compared then Embedded systems.

Embedded systems are less power-consuming.

CPS is typically more expensive to develop and maintain due to the complexity of the system.

Embedded systems are generally less expensive than CPS.

Examples- Smart homes, industrial control systems, and wearable devices.

Examples -Home appliances, consumer electronics, medical devices, and automotive systems.

Last Updated : 02 Apr, 2023
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