Difference between Broadband and Baseband Transmission

Broadband systems use modulation techniques to reduce the effect of noise in the environment. Broadband transmission employs multiple channel unidirectional transmission using a combination of phase and amplitude modulation. 

Baseband is a digital signal transmitted on the medium using one of the signal codes like NRZ, RZ Manchester biphase-M code, etc. called baseband transmission. 

These are the following differences between Broadband and Baseband transmission. 

Baseband transmission:

1. Digital signaling.
2. Frequency division multiplexing is not possible.
3. Baseband is the bi-directional transmission.
4. A short-distance signal traveling.
5. The entire bandwidth is for single signal transmission.
6. Example: Ethernet is using Basebands for LAN.

Broadband transmission:

1. Analog signaling.
2. The transmission of data is unidirectional.
3. Signal traveling distance is long.
4. Frequency division multiplexing is possible.
5. Simultaneous transmission of multiple signals over different frequencies.
6. Example: Used to transmit cable TV to premises.

S. No	Basis of Comparison	Baseband Transmission	Broadband Transmission
1.	Type of Signal	In baseband transmission, the type of signaling used is digital.	In broadband transmission, the type of signaling used is analog.
2.	Direction Type	Baseband Transmission is bidirectional in nature.	Broadband Transmission is unidirectional in nature.
3.	Signal Transmission	The Signal can be sent in both directions.	Sending of Signal in one direction only.
4.	Distance covered by the signal	Signals can only travel over short distances. For long distances, attenuation is required.	Signals can be traveled over long distances without being attenuated.
5.	Topology	It works well with bus topology.	It is used with a bus as well as tree topology.
6.	Device used to increase signal strength	Repeaters are used to enhance signal strength.	Amplifiers are used to enhance signal strength.
7.	Type of Multiplexing used	It utilizes Time Division Multiplexing.	It utilizes Frequency Division Multiplexing.
8.	Encoding Techniques	In baseband transmission, Manchester and Differential Manchester encoding are used.	Only PSK encoding is used.
9.	Transfer medium	Twisted-pair cables, coaxial cables, and wires are used as a transfer medium for digital signals in baseband transmission.	Broadband signals were sent through optical fiber cables, coaxial cables, and radio waves.
10.	Impedance	Baseband transmission has a 50-ohm impedance.	Broadband transmission has a 70-ohm impedance.
11.	Data Streams	It can only transfer one data stream at a time in bi-directional mode.	It can send multiple signal waves at once but in one direction only.
12.	Installation and Maintenance	Baseband transmission is easy to install and maintain.	Broadband transmission is difficult to install and maintain.
13.	Cost	This transmission is cheaper to design.	This transmission is expensive to design.
14.	Application	Typically seen in Ethernet LAN networks.	Typically found in cable and telephone networks.

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