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Determine if possible to get Array by breaking rod segments into two halves

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Given a rod of length L and an array arr[] of length N, the task is to find if it is possible to break the rod N-1 times in segments such that length of all the segments is present in the array. Each time a segment of length x can be broken into two parts of length ⌈x/2⌉ and x – ⌈x/2⌉.

Examples:

Input: L = 1000, N = 1, arr[] = {1000}  
Output: YES
Explanation: It is possible to get the array a by performing (N – 1 = 0) 0 operations on rod. 

Input: L = 1104, N = 2, arr[] = {861, 243} 
Output NO
Explanation: N – 1 = 1, i.e. perform 1 operation. 
After one operation only possible segments will be {552, 552}, which are not present in given  array.

Input: L = 6, N = 3, arr[] = {1, 2, 3}
Output: YES
Explanation: number of operations = 3 – 1 = 2. 
After one operation only possible array will be {3, 3} .
Now choose first segment (that is 3) and divide it into two parts which are 1 and 2. 
After second operation array will be  = {1, 2, 3} 
( All permutations of {1, 2, 3} are acceptable, because order doesn’t matter )

 

Approach: The problem can be solved using the heap data structure based on the following idea:

Try to break that segment into two pieces which has the maximum length and not yet found in the array.

Follow the illustration given below for a better understanding:

Illustration:

Consider L = 6, arr[] = {1, 2, 3}

1st Operation: 
        => Break 6 into two segments. Two segments are {3, 3}.
        => One 3 is present in array.

2nd Operation: 
        => Break another 3 into two segments. Two segments are {1, 2}.
        => Both 1 and 2 are present in array.

Two operations are finished and all the segment lengths are also present in the array. 

Follow the steps mentioned below to implement the idea:

  • Put all the elements of the array in a max heap (say pqarr).
  • Similarly, maintain a priority queue (let’s say pq)  to store segments obtain after cutting rod and put L into the heap.
  • Start dividing from length L. At any instance, it will be convenient to consider the largest segment.
  • While the max heap (pq) is not empty:
    • If the maximum element of pq is smaller than the maximum element of pqarr, then the answer is not possible because that value of pqarr can never be obtained.
    • if the maximum element of pq is equal to the maximum element of pqarr, remove it from both the max heaps.
    • if the maximum element of pq is larger than the maximum element of pqarr, remove it from pq and break it into two parts. Then insert those two parts in pq back again.
  • After the iteration is over if the heaps are empty return that it is possible.

Below is the implementation of the above approach: 

C++




// C++ implementation of above approach
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
// Function to check if it is
// possible to arrange the array
bool solution(int len, int n, vector<int>& arr)
{
 
  // To store elements of array
  // in priorityqueue
  priority_queue<int> pqarr;
 
  // To store segments after each
  // operation in priorityqueue
  priority_queue<int> pq;
 
  for (auto i : arr) {
    pqarr.push(i);
  }
  pq.push(len);
 
  while (pq.size() > 0) {
    int elem = pqarr.top();
    int cur = pq.top();
    pq.pop();
    if (elem > cur) {
      return false;
    }
    if (elem == cur) {
      pqarr.top();
      pqarr.pop();
    }
    else {
      pq.push(cur / 2);
      pq.push((cur + 1) / 2);
    }
  }
  return true;
}
 
// Driver code
int main()
{
  int L = 6;
  int N = 3;
  vector<int> arr = { 2, 1, 3 };
 
  // Function call
  bool flag = solution(L, N, arr);
  if (flag)
    cout << ("YES");
  else
    cout << ("NO");
 
  return 0;
}
 
// This code is contributed by rakeshsahni


Java




// Java implementation of above approach
 
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
 
class GFG {
 
    // Function to check if it is
    // possible to arrange the array
    public static boolean solution(int len, int n,
                                   int[] arr)
    {
 
        // To store elements of array
        // in priorityqueue
        PriorityQueue<Integer> pqarr = new PriorityQueue<>(Collections.reverseOrder());
 
        // To store segments after each
        // operation in priorityqueue
        PriorityQueue<Integer> pq = new PriorityQueue<>(Collections.reverseOrder());
 
        for (int i : arr) {
            pqarr.add(i);
        }
        pq.add(len);
 
        while (pq.size() > 0) {
            int elem = pqarr.peek();
            int cur = pq.poll();
            if (elem > cur) {
                return false;
            }
            if (elem == cur) {
                pqarr.poll();
            }
            else {
                pq.add(cur / 2);
                pq.add((cur + 1) / 2);
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
 
    // Driver code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int L = 6;
        int N = 3;
        int[] arr = { 2, 1, 3 };
 
        // Function call
        boolean flag = solution(L, N, arr);
        if (flag)
            System.out.println("YES");
        else
            System.out.println("NO");
    }
}


Python3




# Python3 implementation of above approach
 
import bisect
 
# Function to check if it is
# possible to arrange the array
def solution(length, n, arr):
   
    # To store elements of array
    # in priorityqueue
    # to implement priority queue, we will use
    # bisect insort to insert
    #in the correct position
    # and pop(-1) to get the top element
    pqarr = []
 
    # To store segments after each
    #operation in priorityqueue
    pq = []
 
    for i in arr:
        bisect.insort(pqarr, i)
 
    bisect.insort(pq, length)
 
    while (len(pq) > 0):
        elem = pqarr[-1]
        cur = pq[-1]
        pq.pop(-1)
 
        if elem > cur:
            return False
        if elem == cur:
            pqarr.pop(-1)
        else:
            bisect.insort(pq, cur // 2)
            bisect.insort(pq, (cur + 1)//2)
    return True
 
# Driver Code
L = 6
N = 3
arr = [2, 1, 3]
 
# function call
flag = solution(L, N, arr)
if flag:
    print("YES")
else:
    print("NO")
 
 
# This code is contributed by phasing17


C#




// C# implementation of above approach
 
 
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
 
public class GFG {
 
    // Function to check if it is
    // possible to arrange the array
    public static bool solution(int len, int n,
                                   int[] arr)
    {
 
        // To store elements of array
        // in priorityqueue
        List<int> pqarr = new List<int>();
 
        // To store segments after each
        // operation in priorityqueue
        List<int> pq = new List<int>();
 
        foreach (int i in arr) {
            pqarr.Add(i);
        }
        pq.Add(len);
        pqarr.Sort((a, b) => b.CompareTo(a));
        pq.Sort((a, b) => b.CompareTo(a));
        while (pq.Count > 0) {
            int elem = pqarr[0];
            int cur = pq[0];
            pq.RemoveAt(0);
            if (elem > cur) {
                return false;
            }
            if (elem == cur) {
                pqarr.RemoveAt(0);
            }
            else {
                pq.Add(cur / 2);
                pq.Add((cur + 1) / 2);
            }
            pq.Sort((a, b) => b.CompareTo(a));
        }
        return true;
    }
 
    // Driver code
    public static void Main(String[] args)
    {
        int L = 6;
        int N = 3;
        int[] arr = { 2, 1, 3 };
 
        // Function call
        bool flag = solution(L, N, arr);
        if (flag)
            Console.WriteLine("YES");
        else
            Console.WriteLine("NO");
    }
}
 
// This code contributed by shikhasingrajput


Javascript




// JavaScript implementation of above approach
 
// Function to check if it is
// possible to arrange the array
function solution(len, n, arr)
{
 
    // To store elements of array
    // in priorityqueue
    let pqarr = [];
 
    // To store segments after each
    // operation in priorityqueue
    let pq = [];
 
    for (let i of arr)
        pqarr.push(i);
 
    pq.push(len);
    pq.sort();
    pq.reverse();
    pqarr.sort();
    pqarr.reverse();
 
    while (pq.length > 0) {
        let elem = pqarr[0];
        let cur = pq[0];
        pq.splice(0, 1);
        if (elem > cur) {
            return false;
        }
        if (elem == cur) {
            pqarr.splice(0, 1);
        }
        else {
            pq.push(Math.floor(cur / 2));
            pq.push(Math.floor((cur + 1) / 2));
        }
        pq.sort();
        pq.reverse();
    }
    return true;
}
 
// Driver code
let L = 6;
let N = 3;
let arr = [ 2, 1, 3 ];
 
// Function call
let flag = solution(L, N, arr);
if (flag)
    console.log("YES");
else
    console.log("NO");
 
// This code is contributed by phasing17


Output

YES

Time Complexity: O(N * logN)
Auxiliary Space: O(N)  



Last Updated : 29 Jun, 2022
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