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Design DFA in LEX Code that accepts the string having even binary number over input alphabet {0,1}

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Problem Overview – 
Design a DFA in LEX Code that accepts the string having even binary number over input alphabet  {0,1}.

Example – 

Input : 1010
Output: Accepted

Input : 1001
Output: Not Accepted

Input: 23ab
Output:Invalid

Input:ab345
Output:Invalid

Input:010101
Output:Not Accepted

Approach :
LEX provides us with an INITIAL state by default. So to make a DFA, use this as the initial state of the DFA. We define two more states: A, and DEAD, where the DEAD state would be used if encountering a wrong or invalid input. When the user inputs an invalid character, move to DEAD state, and then print “Invalid”. If the input string ends at A then display the message “Accepted”. Else if the input string ends at state INITIAL then displays the message “Not Accepted”.

Note –
To compile the lex program we need to have a Unix system that has flex installed into it. Then we need to save the file with the .l extension.
For example- filename.l
Then after saving the program closes the lex file and then open the terminal and write the following commands as follows.

lex filename.l
cc lex.yy.c
./a.out

LEX CODE :

%{
%}
  
%s A DEAD
  
%%
<INITIAL>0 BEGIN A;
<INITIAL>1 BEGIN INITIAL;
<INITIAL>[^01\n] BEGIN DEAD;
<INITIAL>\n BEGIN INITIAL; {printf("Not Accepted\n");}
  
<A>0 BEGIN A;
<A>1 BEGIN INITIAL;
<A>[^01\n] BEGIN DEAD;
<A>\n BEGIN INITIAL; {printf("Accepted\n");}
  
<DEAD>[^\n] BEGIN DEAD;
<DEAD>\n BEGIN INITIAL; {printf("Invalid\n");} 
  
%%

int yywrap()
{
    return 1;
}  
int main()
{
    printf("Enter String\n");
    yylex();
return 0;
}

Output :

Enter String
1100
Accepted
1010
Accepted
0001
Not Accepted
abc
Invalid
0101
Not Accepted

Last Updated : 31 Jul, 2021
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