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Data Structures | Misc | Question 4

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The best data structure to check whether an arithmetic expression has balanced parentheses is a (GATE CS 2004)

(A) queue
(B) stack
(C) tree
(D) list


Answer: (B)

Explanation: There are three types of parentheses [ ] { } (). Below is an arbit c code segment which has parentheses of all three types.




void func(int c, int a[])
{
   return  ((c +2)  + arr[(c-2)]) ; 
}


Stack is a straightforward choice for checking if left and right parentheses are balanced. Here is a algorithm to do the same.




/*Return 1 if expression has balanced parentheses */
bool areParenthesesBalanced(expression )
   for each character in expression
   {
      if(character == ’(’ || character == ’{’ || character == ’[’) 
        push(stack, character);
      if(character == ’)’ || character == ’}’ || character == ’]’) 
      {
         if(isEmpty(stack))  
           return 0; /*We are seeing a right parenthesis  
                       without a left pair*/
  
         /* Pop the top element from stack, if it is not a pair
             bracket of character then there is a mismatch. 
             This will happen for expressions like {(}) */
         else if (! isMatchingPair(pop(stack), character) ) 
           return 0;   
      }
   }
    
   if(isEmpty(stack))
     return 1; /*balanced*/
   else  
     return 0;  /*not balanced*/   
} /* End of function to check parentheses */
  
/* Returns 1 if character1 and character2 are matching left
   and right parentheses */
bool isMatchingPair(character1, character2)
{
   if(character1 == ‘(‘ && character2 == ‘)’)
     return 1;
   else If(character1 == ‘{‘ && character2 == ‘}’)
     return 1;
   else If(character1 == ‘[‘ && character2 == ‘]’)
     return 1;
   else 
     return 0;
}



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Last Updated : 28 Jun, 2021
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