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C++ Program to Find Range sum queries for anticlockwise rotations of Array by K indices

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Given an array arr consisting of N elements and Q queries of the following two types: 
 

  • 1 K: For this type of query, the array needs to be rotated by K indices anticlockwise from its current state.
  • 2 L R: For this query, the sum of the array elements present in the indices [L, R] needs to be calculated.

Example:
 

Input: arr = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 }, query = { {2, 1, 3}, {1, 3}, {2, 0, 3}, {1, 4}, {2, 3, 5} } 
Output: 

16 
12 
Explanation: 
For the 1st query {2, 1, 3} -> Sum of the elements in the indices [1, 3] = 2 + 3 + 4 = 9. 
For the 2nd query {1, 3} -> Modified array after anti-clockwise rotation by 3 places is { 4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3 } 
For the 3rd query {2, 0, 3} -> Sum of the elements in the indices [0, 3] = 4 + 5 + 6 + 1 = 16. 
For the 4th query {1, 4} -> Modified array after anti-clockwise rotation by 4 places is { 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1 } 
For the 5th query {2, 3, 5} -> Sum of the elements in the indices [3, 5] = 5 + 6 + 1 = 12. 
 

 

Approach: 
 

  • Create a prefix array which is double the size of the arr and copy the element at the ith index of arr to ith and N + ith index of prefix for all i in [0, N).
  • Precompute the prefix sum for every index of that array and store in prefix.
  • Set the pointer start at 0 to denote the starting index of the initial array.
  • For query of type 1, shift start to
((start + K) % N)th position
  • For query of type 2, calculate 
     
prefix[start + R]
 - prefix[start + L- 1 ]
  • if start + L >= 1 ,then print the value of 
     
prefix[start + R]

Below code is the implementation of the above approach:
 

C++




// C++ Program to calculate range sum
// queries for anticlockwise
// rotations of array by K
  
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
  
// Function to execute the queries
void rotatedSumQuery(
    int arr[], int n,
    vector<vector<int> >& query,
    int Q)
{
    // Construct a new array
    // of size 2*N to store
    // prefix sum of every index
    int prefix[2 * n];
  
    // Copy elements to the new array
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        prefix[i] = arr[i];
        prefix[i + n] = arr[i];
    }
  
    // Calculate the prefix sum
    // for every index
    for (int i = 1; i < 2 * n; i++)
        prefix[i] += prefix[i - 1];
  
    // Set start pointer as 0
    int start = 0;
  
    for (int q = 0; q < Q; q++) {
  
        // Query to perform
        // anticlockwise rotation
        if (query[q][0] == 1) {
            int k = query[q][1];
            start = (start + k) % n;
        }
  
        // Query to answer range sum
        else if (query[q][0] == 2) {
  
            int L, R;
            L = query[q][1];
            R = query[q][2];
  
            // If pointing to 1st index
            if (start + L == 0)
  
                // Display the sum upto start + R
                cout << prefix[start + R] << endl;
  
            else
  
                // Subtract sum upto start + L - 1
                // from sum upto start + R
                cout << prefix[start + R]
                            - prefix[start + L - 1]
                     << endl;
        }
    }
}
  
// Driver code
int main()
{
  
    int arr[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 };
  
    // Number of query
    int Q = 5;
  
    // Store all the queries
    vector<vector<int> > query
        = { { 2, 1, 3 },
            { 1, 3 },
            { 2, 0, 3 },
            { 1, 4 },
            { 2, 3, 5 } };
  
    int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
    rotatedSumQuery(arr, n, query, Q);
  
    return 0;
}


Output: 

9
16
12

 

Time Complexity: O(N + Q), where Q is the number of queries, and as each query will cost O (1) time for Q queries time complexity would be O(Q).

Auxiliary Space: O(N), as we are using  extra space for prefix.
 

Please refer complete article on Range sum queries for anticlockwise rotations of Array by K indices for more details!



Last Updated : 18 Aug, 2023
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