C++ Program for cube sum of first n natural numbers

Print the sum of series 1³ + 2³ + 3³ + 4³ + …….+ n³ till n-th term.
Examples: 

Input : n = 5
Output : 225
13 + 23 + 33 + 43 + 53 = 225

Input : n = 7
Output : 784
13 + 23 + 33 + 43 + 53 + 
63 + 73 = 784

CPP

// Simple C++ program to find sum of series
// with cubes of first n natural numbers
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

/* Returns the sum of series */
int sumOfSeries(int n)
{
   int sum = 0;
   for (int x=1; x<=n; x++)
      sum += x*x*x;
   return sum;
}

// Driver Function
int main()
{
    int n = 5;
    cout << sumOfSeries(n);
    return 0;
}

Output :

225

Time Complexity : O(n) 
An efficient solution is to use direct mathematical formula which is (n ( n + 1 ) / 2) ^ 2 

For n = 5 sum by formula is
       (5*(5 + 1 ) / 2)) ^ 2
          = (5*6/2) ^ 2
          = (15) ^ 2
          = 225

For n = 7, sum by formula is
       (7*(7 + 1 ) / 2)) ^ 2
          = (7*8/2) ^ 2
          = (28) ^ 2
          = 784

Output: 

225

Time Complexity : O(1) 
How does this formula work?
We can prove the formula using mathematical induction. We can easily see that the formula holds true for n = 1 and n = 2. Let this be true for n = k-1. 

Let the formula be true for n = k-1.
Sum of first (k-1) natural numbers = 
            [((k - 1) * k)/2]2

Sum of first k natural numbers = 
          = Sum of (k-1) numbers + k3
          = [((k - 1) * k)/2]2 + k3
          = [k2(k2 - 2k + 1) + 4k3]/4
          = [k4 + 2k3 + k2]/4
          = k2(k2 + 2k + 1)/4
          = [k*(k+1)/2]2

The above program causes overflow, even if result is not beyond integer limit. Like previous post, we can avoid overflow upto some extent by doing division first. 

CPP

// Efficient CPP program to find sum of cubes
// of first n natural numbers that avoids
// overflow if result is going to be within
// limits.
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

// Returns sum of first n natural
// numbers
int sumOfSeries(int n)
{
    int x;
    if (n % 2 == 0)
        x = (n/2) * (n+1);
    else
        x = ((n + 1) / 2) * n;
    return x * x;
}

// Driver code
int main()
{
  int n = 5;
  cout << sumOfSeries(n);
  return 0;
}

Output: 

225

Please refer complete article on Program for cube sum of first n natural numbers for more details!