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Count of subsequences with a sum in range [L, R] and difference between max and min element at least X

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Given an array arr[] consisting of N positive integers and 3 integers L, R, and X, the task is to find the number of subsequences of size atleast 2 with a sum in the range [L, R], and the difference between the maximum and minimum element is at least X. (N≤15)

Examples: 

Input: arr[] = {1 2 3}, L = 5, R = 6, X = 1
Output: 2
Explanation: 
There are two subsequences possible i.e. {2, 3} and {1, 2, 3}.

Input: arr[] = {10, 20, 30, 25}, L = 40, R = 50, X = 10
Output: 2

 

Approach: Since N is small, this problem can be solved using bitmasking. There are total 2n subsequences possible. So, every subsequence can be represented by a binary string i.e. mask where if the ith bit is set i.e 1 then the element is considered in the subsequences otherwise not. Follow the steps below to solve the problem: 

  • Iterate in the range [0, 2n – 1] using the variable i and perform the following steps:
    • Initialize a variable say, cnt as 0 and sum as 0 to store the sum of selected elements.
    • Initialize a variable say, minVal as INT_MAX and maxVal as INT_MIN to store minimum value and maximum value in the subsequence.
    • Iterate in the range [0, N-1] using the variable j and perform the following steps:
      • If the jth bit of the ith mask is on, then Increment cnt by 1, add arr[j] to sum and update maxVal as the maximum of maxVal and a[j] and minVal as the minimum of minVal and a[j].
    • If cnt >= 2 and sum is in the range [L, R] and the difference of maxVal and minVal is greater than equal to X, then increment ans by 1. 
  • After completing the above steps, print the value of ans as the answer.

Below is the implementation of the above approach: 

C++




// C++ program for the above approach
 
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
// Function to find the number of subsequences
// of the given array with a sum in range [L, R]
// and the difference between the maximum and
// minimum element is at least X
int numberofSubsequences(int a[], int L,
                         int R, int X, int n)
{
    // Initialize answer as 0
    int ans = 0;
 
    // Creating mask from [0, 2^n-1]
    for (int i = 0; i < (1 << n); i++) {
 
        // Stores the count and sum of
        // selected elements respectively
        int cnt = 0, sum = 0;
 
        // Variables to store the value of
        // Minimum and maximum element
        int minVal = INT_MAX, maxVal = INT_MIN;
 
        // Traverse the array
        for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
            // If the jth bit of the ith
            // mask is on
            if ((i & (1 << j))) {
 
                cnt += 1;
 
                // Add the selected element
                sum += a[j];
 
                // Update maxVal and minVal value
                maxVal = max(maxVal, a[j]);
                minVal = min(minVal, a[j]);
            }
        }
 
        // Check if the given conditions are
        // true, increment ans by 1.
        if (cnt >= 2 && sum >= L && sum <= R
            && (maxVal - minVal >= X)) {
            ans += 1;
        }
    }
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    // Given Input
    int a[] = { 10, 20, 30, 25 };
    int L = 40, R = 50, X = 10;
    int N = sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0]);
 
    // Function Call
    cout << numberofSubsequences(a, L, R, X, N)
         << endl;
 
    return 0;
}


Java




// Java program for the above approach
public class GFG {
 
    // Function to find the number of subsequences
    // of the given array with a sum in range [L, R]
    // and the difference between the maximum and
    // minimum element is at least X
    static int numberofSubsequences(int a[], int L, int R,
                                    int X, int n)
    {
        // Initialize answer as 0
        int ans = 0;
 
        // Creating mask from [0, 2^n-1]
        for (int i = 0; i < (1 << n); i++) {
 
            // Stores the count and sum of
            // selected elements respectively
            int cnt = 0, sum = 0;
 
            // Variables to store the value of
            // Minimum and maximum element
            int minVal = Integer.MAX_VALUE,
                maxVal = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
 
            // Traverse the array
            for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
                // If the jth bit of the ith
                // mask is on
                if ((i & (1 << j)) == 0) {
 
                    cnt += 1;
 
                    // Add the selected element
                    sum += a[j];
 
                    // Update maxVal and minVal value
                    maxVal = Math.max(maxVal, a[j]);
                    minVal = Math.min(minVal, a[j]);
                }
            }
 
            // Check if the given conditions are
            // true, increment ans by 1.
            if (cnt >= 2 && sum >= L && sum <= R
                && (maxVal - minVal >= X)) {
                ans += 1;
            }
        }
        return ans;
    }
 
    // Driver code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int a[] = { 10, 20, 30, 25 };
        int L = 40, R = 50, X = 10;
        int N = a.length;
 
        // Function Call
        System.out.println(
            numberofSubsequences(a, L, R, X, N));
    }
}
 
// This code is contributed by abhinavjain194


Python3




# Python3 program for the above approach
import sys
 
# Function to find the number of subsequences
# of the given array with a sum in range [L, R]
# and the difference between the maximum and
# minimum element is at least X
def numberofSubsequences(a, L, R, X, n):
     
    # Initialize answer as 0
    ans = 0
 
    # Creating mask from [0, 2^n-1]
    for i in range(0, (1 << n), 1):
         
        # Stores the count and sum of
        # selected elements respectively
        cnt = 0
        sum = 0
 
        # Variables to store the value of
        # Minimum and maximum element
        minVal = sys.maxsize
        maxVal = -sys.maxsize - 1
 
        # Traverse the array
        for j in range(n):
             
            # If the jth bit of the ith
            # mask is on
            if ((i & (1 << j))):
                cnt += 1
 
                # Add the selected element
                sum += a[j]
 
                # Update maxVal and minVal value
                maxVal = max(maxVal, a[j])
                minVal = min(minVal, a[j])
 
        # Check if the given conditions are
        # true, increment ans by 1.
        if (cnt >= 2 and sum >= L and
            sum <= R and (maxVal - minVal >= X)):
            ans += 1
             
    return ans
 
# Driver Code
if __name__ == '__main__':
     
    # Given Input
    a = [ 10, 20, 30, 25 ]
    L = 40
    R = 50
    X = 10
    N = len(a)
 
    # Function Call
    print(numberofSubsequences(a, L, R, X, N))
 
# This code is contributed by bgangwar59


C#




// C# program for the above approach
using System;
 
class GFG{
 
// Function to find the number of subsequences
// of the given array with a sum in range [L, R]
// and the difference between the maximum and
// minimum element is at least X
static int numberofSubsequences(int[] a, int L, int R,
                                int X, int n)
{
     
    // Initialize answer as 0
    int ans = 0;
 
    // Creating mask from [0, 2^n-1]
    for(int i = 0; i < (1 << n); i++)
    {
         
        // Stores the count and sum of
        // selected elements respectively
        int cnt = 0, sum = 0;
 
        // Variables to store the value of
        // Minimum and maximum element
        int minVal = Int32.MaxValue,
            maxVal = Int32.MinValue;
 
        // Traverse the array
        for(int j = 0; j < n; j++)
        {
             
            // If the jth bit of the ith
            // mask is on
            if ((i & (1 << j)) == 0)
            {
                cnt += 1;
 
                // Add the selected element
                sum += a[j];
 
                // Update maxVal and minVal value
                maxVal = Math.Max(maxVal, a[j]);
                minVal = Math.Min(minVal, a[j]);
            }
        }
 
        // Check if the given conditions are
        // true, increment ans by 1.
        if (cnt >= 2 && sum >= L && sum <= R &&
           (maxVal - minVal >= X))
        {
            ans += 1;
        }
    }
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
static public void Main()
{
    // Given input
    int[] a = { 10, 20, 30, 25 };
    int L = 40, R = 50, X = 10;
    int N = a.Length;
 
    // Function Call
    Console.Write(numberofSubsequences(a, L, R, X, N));
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by avijitmondal1998


Javascript




<script>
// Javascript program for the above approach
 
// Function to find the number of subsequences
// of the given array with a sum in range [L, R]
// and the difference between the maximum and
// minimum element is at least X
function numberofSubsequences(a, L, R, X, n)
{
 
    // Initialize answer as 0
    let ans = 0;
 
    // Creating mask from [0, 2^n-1]
    for (let i = 0; i < (1 << n); i++) {
 
        // Stores the count and sum of
        // selected elements respectively
        let cnt = 0, sum = 0;
 
        // Variables to store the value of
        // Minimum and maximum element
        let minVal = Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER, maxVal = Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER;
 
        // Traverse the array
        for (let j = 0; j < n; j++)
        {
         
            // If the jth bit of the ith
            // mask is on
            if ((i & (1 << j)))
            {
 
                cnt += 1;
 
                // Add the selected element
                sum += a[j];
 
                // Update maxVal and minVal value
                maxVal = Math.max(maxVal, a[j]);
                minVal = Math.min(minVal, a[j]);
            }
        }
 
        // Check if the given conditions are
        // true, increment ans by 1.
        if (cnt >= 2 && sum >= L && sum <= R
            && (maxVal - minVal >= X)) {
            ans += 1;
        }
    }
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
 
// Given Input
let a = [10, 20, 30, 25];
let L = 40, R = 50, X = 10;
let N = a.length;
 
// Function Call
document.write(numberofSubsequences(a, L, R, X, N) + "<br>");
 
// This code is contributed by gfgking.
</script>


Output

2

Time Complexity: O(N×2N)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)



Last Updated : 13 Jul, 2021
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