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Count of pairs from Array with sum equal to twice their bitwise AND

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Given an array arr[], the task is to count the pairs in the array with sum equal to twice their bitwise AND, i.e., A + B = 2 * (A \& B)
Examples: 

Input: arr[] = {1, 1, 3, 4, 4, 5, 7, 8} 
Output:
Explanation: 
Pairs with sum equal to twice their bitwise AND: 
{(1, 1), (4, 4)}
Input: arr[] = {1, 3, 3, 5, 4, 6} 
Output:
 

Naive Approach: A simple solution is to iterate over every possible pair and check that if the sum of the pair is equal to the twice the Bit-wise AND of the pair. If the pair have the equal sum and bitwise AND then increment the count of such pairs by 1.
Efficient Approach: The idea is to use the relation between the sum and the bitwise AND. That is – 

A + B = (A \^ B) + 2 * (A \& B)

In this for equal sum and the bitwise AND, the value of the Bitwise XOR of the pair should be equal to 0. We know that the Bitwise XOR of any two pairs is equal to 0 only if they are equal to each other. Therefore, if X is the frequency of the element. Then increment the count of pairs by ^{X}C_{2}      .
Below is the implementation of the above approach:

C++

// C++ implementation to find the pairs
// with equal sum and twice the
// bitwise AND of the pairs
 
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
 
using namespace std;
 
// Map to store the
// occurrence of
// elements of array
map<int, int> mp;
 
// Function to find the pairs
// with equal sum and twice the
// bitwise AND of the pairs
int find_pairs(int ar[], int n)
{
    int ans = 0;
 
    // Loop to find the frequency
    // of elements of array
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        mp[ar[i]]++;
    }
 
    // Function to find the count
    // such pairs in the array
    for (auto i : mp) {
        int count = i.second;
        if (count > 1) {
 
            // if an element occurs more
            // than once then the answer
            // will by incremented
            // by nC2 times
            ans += ((count
                     * (count - 1))
                    / 2);
        }
    }
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    int ar[]
        = { 1, 2, 3, 3, 4,
            5, 5, 7, 8 };
    int arr_size = (sizeof(ar)
                    / sizeof(ar[0]));
 
    // Function Call
    cout << find_pairs(ar, arr_size);
    return 0;
}

                    

Java

// Java implementation to find the pairs
// with equal sum and twice the
// bitwise AND of the pairs
import java.util.*;
 
class GFG{
 
// Map to store the
// occurrence of
// elements of array
static HashMap<Integer,
               Integer> mp = new HashMap<Integer,
                                         Integer>();
 
// Function to find the pairs
// with equal sum and twice the
// bitwise AND of the pairs
static int find_pairs(int arr[], int n)
{
    int ans = 0;
 
    // Loop to find the frequency
    // of elements of array
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
       if(mp.containsKey(arr[i]))
       {
           mp.put(arr[i], mp.get(arr[i]) + 1);
       }
       else
       {
           mp.put(arr[i], 1);
       }
    }
     
    // Function to find the count
    // such pairs in the array
    for(Map.Entry<Integer, Integer> i:mp.entrySet())
    {
       int count = i.getValue();
       if (count > 1)
       {
 
           // If an element occurs more
           // than once then the answer
           // will by incremented
           // by nC2 times
           ans += ((count * (count - 1)) / 2);
       }
    }
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
    int arr[] = { 1, 2, 3, 3, 4,
                  5, 5, 7, 8 };
    int arr_size = arr.length;
 
    // Function Call
    System.out.print(find_pairs(arr, arr_size));
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by amal kumar choubey

                    

Python3

# Python3 implementation to find the
# pairs with equal sum and twice the
# bitwise AND of the pairs
from collections import defaultdict
 
# Map to store the occurrence
# of elements of array
mp = defaultdict(int)
 
# Function to find the pairs
# with equal sum and twice the
# bitwise AND of the pairs
def find_pairs(arr, n):
 
    ans = 0
 
    # Loop to find the frequency
    # of elements of array
    for i in range(n):
        mp[arr[i]] += 1
 
    # Function to find the count
    # such pairs in the array
    for i in mp.values():
        count = i
        if (count > 1):
 
            # If an element occurs more
            # than once then the answer
            # will by incremented
            # by nC2 times
            ans += ((count * (count - 1)) // 2)
     
    return ans
 
# Driver Code
if __name__ == "__main__":
 
    arr = [ 1, 2, 3, 3, 4,
            5, 5, 7, 8 ]
    arr_size = len(arr)
 
    # Function Call
    print(find_pairs(arr, arr_size))
 
# This code is contributed by chitranayal

                    

C#

// C# implementation to find the pairs
// with equal sum and twice the
// bitwise AND of the pairs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
 
class GFG{
 
// To store the occurrence
// of elements of array
static Dictionary<int,
                  int> mp = new Dictionary<int,
                                           int>();
 
// Function to find the pairs
// with equal sum and twice the
// bitwise AND of the pairs
static int find_pairs(int []arr, int n)
{
    int ans = 0;
 
    // Loop to find the frequency
    // of elements of array
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
       if(mp.ContainsKey(arr[i]))
       {
           mp[arr[i]] = mp[arr[i]] + 1;
       }
       else
       {
           mp.Add(arr[i], 1);
       }
    }
     
    // Function to find the count
    // such pairs in the array
    foreach(KeyValuePair<int, int> i in mp)
    {
       int count = i.Value;
       if (count > 1)
       {
            
           // If an element occurs more
           // than once then the answer
           // will by incremented
           // by nC2 times
           ans += ((count * (count - 1)) / 2);
       }
    }
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
    int []arr = { 1, 2, 3, 3, 4,
                  5, 5, 7, 8 };
    int arr_size = arr.Length;
 
    // Function Call
    Console.Write(find_pairs(arr, arr_size));
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by amal kumar choubey

                    

Javascript

<script>
 
// JavaScript implementation to find the pairs
// with equal sum and twice the
// bitwise AND of the pairs
 
// Map to store the
// occurrence of
// elements of array
let  mp = new Map();
 
// Function to find the pairs
// with equal sum and twice the
// bitwise AND of the pairs
function find_pairs(arr,n)
{
    let ans = 0;
   
    // Loop to find the frequency
    // of elements of array
    for(let i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
       if(mp.has(arr[i]))
       {
           mp.set(arr[i], mp.get(arr[i]) + 1);
       }
       else
       {
           mp.set(arr[i], 1);
       }
    }
       
    // Function to find the count
    // such pairs in the array
    for(let [key, value] of mp.entries())
    {
       let count = value;
       if (count > 1)
       {
   
           // If an element occurs more
           // than once then the answer
           // will by incremented
           // by nC2 times
           ans += ((count * (count - 1)) / 2);
       }
    }
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
let arr=[1, 2, 3, 3, 4,
                  5, 5, 7, 8];
                   
let arr_size = arr.length;
// Function Call
document.write(find_pairs(arr, arr_size));
 
 
// This code is contributed by avanitrachhadiya2155
 
</script>

                    

Output: 
2

 

Time complexity: O(nlogn) where n is number of elements in the given array

Auxiliary Space:  O(n)



Last Updated : 18 Aug, 2022
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