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Count of index subsets such that maximum of values over these indices in A is at least total sum over B

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Given two arrays A[] and B[] consisting of N positive integers, the task is to find the total number of subsets of indices such that the maximum value in the array A[] over all these indices is greater than or equal to the sum of all values over these indices in the array B[].

Examples:

Input: A[] = {3, 1}, B[] = {1, 2}
Output: 2
Explanation:
The total possible valid subsets of indices are {0}, {0, 1}
{0}: max(3) >= sum(1)
{1, 2}: max(1, 3) >= sum(1, 2)

Input: A[] = {1, 3, 2, 6}, B[] = {7, 3, 2, 1}
Output: 6

Approach: The above problem can be solved using the concept discussed in the Subset Sum Problem with the help of Dynamic programming. The idea is to create a dp[][] of dimensions N*maximum element of the array A[]. Now, each node of the dp[][] matrix, i.e., dp[i][j] represents the number of subsets of the first i elements having sum j. Follow the below steps to solve this problem:

  • Create a variable, say ans as 0 to store the total number of required subsets.
  • Create a vector of pairs, say AB, and fill it with the elements of A & B, i.e., AB[i] = {A[i], B[i]}.
  • Sort this vector of pairs on the basis of the first element.
  • Initially dp table will be filled with zeroes except dp[0][0] = 1.
  • Traverse the array AB[] and consider the value of AB[i].first as the maximum because AB is sorted on the first element and it is maximum in the range [0, i] and in each iteration, traverse through all possible sums j and for each iteration calculate the subsets till index i having sum j by including and excluding the current element.
  • After completing the above steps, traverse the matrix dp[][] and check how many subsets formed are valid by checking the following conditions. If it is found to be true, then add the value dp[i – 1][j] to the variable ans.

j + AB[i – 1].second <= AB[i].first

  • After completing the above steps, print the value of ans as the result.

Below is the implementation of the above approach: 

C++




// C++ program for the above approach
 
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
// Function to find the number of non-empty
// subset of indices such that the maximum
// of values over these indices in A is
// at least the total sum over B[]
int countValidSubsets(int A[], int B[], int N)
{
    int ans = 0;
 
    vector<pair<int, int> > AB(N);
 
    // Stores the maximum element in
    // the array A[]
    int mx = INT_MIN;
 
    // Do the DP in 1-based indexing
    // as there will be no corner case
    // to handle specifically
    for (int i = 0; i <= N; i++) {
        AB[i] = { A[i], B[i] };
        mx = max(mx, A[i]);
    }
 
    // Sort the pair vector
    sort(AB.begin(), AB.end());
 
    // dp matrix where dp[i][j] denotes
    // total valid subsets upto index
    // i with sum j
    vector<vector<int> > dp(
        N + 1, vector<int>(mx + 1, 0));
 
    dp[0][0] = 1;
 
    // Traverse the array AB[]
    for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j <= mx; j++) {
 
            // Selecting the current
            // element in the subset
            if (j + AB[i - 1].second <= mx) {
                dp[i][j + AB[i - 1].second]
                    += dp[i - 1][j];
            }
 
            // Discarding the element
            dp[i][j] += dp[i - 1][j];
        }
    }
 
    // Take the count of valid subsets
    for (int i = 1; i <= N; ++i) {
        int cnt = 0;
 
        // Iterate through all the
        // possible subsets
        for (int j = 0; j <= mx; j++) {
 
            // Check if the current subsets
            // till index i having sum j
            // are valid
            if (j + AB[i - 1].second
                <= AB[i - 1].first) {
                cnt += dp[i - 1][j];
            }
        }
 
        // Update the value of ans
        ans += cnt;
    }
 
    // Return the total count of subsets
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    int A[] = { 1, 3, 2, 6 };
    int B[] = { 7, 3, 2, 1 };
    int N = sizeof(A) / sizeof(A[0]);
 
    cout << countValidSubsets(A, B, N);
 
    return 0;
}


Java




// Java program for the above approach
import java.util.*;
 
class GFG{
    static class pair
    {
        int first, second;
        public pair(int first, int second) 
        {
            this.first = first;
            this.second = second;
        }   
    }
   
// Function to find the number of non-empty
// subset of indices such that the maximum
// of values over these indices in A is
// at least the total sum over B[]
static int countValidSubsets(int A[], int B[], int N)
{
    int ans = 0;
 
    pair []AB = new pair[N];
 
    // Stores the maximum element in
    // the array A[]
    int mx = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
 
    // Do the DP in 1-based indexing
    // as there will be no corner case
    // to handle specifically
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
        AB[i] = new pair( A[i], B[i] );
        mx = Math.max(mx, A[i]);
    }
 
    // Sort the pair vector
    Arrays.sort(AB,(a,b)->a.first-b.first);
 
    // dp matrix where dp[i][j] denotes
    // total valid subsets upto index
    // i with sum j
    int[][] dp= new int[N + 1][mx + 1];
 
    dp[0][0] = 1;
 
    // Traverse the array AB[]
    for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j <= mx; j++) {
 
            // Selecting the current
            // element in the subset
            if (j + AB[i - 1].second <= mx) {
                dp[i][j + AB[i - 1].second]
                    += dp[i - 1][j];
            }
 
            // Discarding the element
            dp[i][j] += dp[i - 1][j];
        }
    }
 
    // Take the count of valid subsets
    for (int i = 1; i <= N; ++i) {
        int cnt = 0;
 
        // Iterate through all the
        // possible subsets
        for (int j = 0; j <= mx; j++) {
 
            // Check if the current subsets
            // till index i having sum j
            // are valid
            if (j + AB[i - 1].second
                <= AB[i - 1].first) {
                cnt += dp[i - 1][j];
            }
        }
 
        // Update the value of ans
        ans += cnt;
    }
 
    // Return the total count of subsets
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
    int A[] = { 1, 3, 2, 6 };
    int B[] = { 7, 3, 2, 1 };
    int N = A.length;
 
    System.out.print(countValidSubsets(A, B, N));
 
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by shikhasingrajput


Python3




# python program for the above approach
INT_MIN = -2147483648
 
# Function to find the number of non-empty
# subset of indices such that the maximum
# of values over these indices in A is
# at least the total sum over B[]
def countValidSubsets(A, B, N):
    ans = 0
    AB = [[0 for _ in range(2)] for _ in range(N)]
 
    # Stores the maximum element in
    # the array A[]
    mx = INT_MIN
 
    # Do the DP in 1-based indexing
    # as there will be no corner case
    # to handle specifically
    for i in range(0, N):
        AB[i] = [A[i], B[i]]
        mx = max(mx, A[i])
 
        # Sort the pair vector
    AB.sort()
 
    # dp matrix where dp[i][j] denotes
    # total valid subsets upto index
    # i with sum j
    dp = [[0 for _ in range(mx+1)] for _ in range(N+1)]
 
    dp[0][0] = 1
 
    # Traverse the array AB[]
    for i in range(1, N+1):
        for j in range(0, mx+1):
 
                        # Selecting the current
                        # element in the subset
            if (j + AB[i - 1][1] <= mx):
                dp[i][j + AB[i - 1][1]] += dp[i - 1][j]
 
                # Discarding the element
            dp[i][j] += dp[i - 1][j]
 
        # Take the count of valid subsets
    for i in range(1, N+1):
        cnt = 0
 
        # Iterate through all the
        # possible subsets
        for j in range(0, mx+1):
 
                        # Check if the current subsets
                        # till index i having sum j
                        # are valid
            if (j + AB[i - 1][1] <= AB[i - 1][0]):
                cnt += dp[i - 1][j]
 
                # Update the value of ans
        ans += cnt
 
        # Return the total count of subsets
    return ans
 
# Driver Code
if __name__ == "__main__":
 
    A = [1, 3, 2, 6]
    B = [7, 3, 2, 1]
    N = len(A)
 
    print(countValidSubsets(A, B, N))
 
    # This code is contributed by rakeshsahni


C#




// C# program for the above approach
using System;
using System.Linq;
public class GFG{
    class pair : IComparable<pair>
    {
        public int first, second;
        public pair(int first, int second)
        {
            this.first = first;
            this.second = second;
        }
         public int CompareTo(pair p)
         {
             return this.first-p.second;
         }
    }
   
// Function to find the number of non-empty
// subset of indices such that the maximum
// of values over these indices in A is
// at least the total sum over []B
static int countValidSubsets(int []A, int []B, int N)
{
    int ans = 0;
 
    pair []AB = new pair[N];
 
    // Stores the maximum element in
    // the array []A
    int mx = int.MinValue;
 
    // Do the DP in 1-based indexing
    // as there will be no corner case
    // to handle specifically
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
        AB[i] = new pair( A[i], B[i] );
        mx = Math.Max(mx, A[i]);
    }
 
    // Sort the pair vector
    Array.Sort(AB);
    AB.Reverse();
 
 
    // dp matrix where dp[i,j] denotes
    // total valid subsets upto index
    // i with sum j
    int[,] dp= new int[N + 1,mx + 1];
 
    dp[0,0] = 1;
 
    // Traverse the array AB[]
    for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j <= mx; j++) {
 
            // Selecting the current
            // element in the subset
            if (j + AB[i - 1].second <= mx) {
                dp[i,j + AB[i - 1].second]
                    += dp[i - 1,j];
            }
 
            // Discarding the element
            dp[i,j] += dp[i - 1,j];
        }
    }
 
    // Take the count of valid subsets
    for (int i = 1; i <= N; ++i) {
        int cnt = 0;
 
        // Iterate through all the
        // possible subsets
        for (int j = 0; j <= mx; j++) {
 
            // Check if the current subsets
            // till index i having sum j
            // are valid
            if (j + AB[i - 1].second
                <= AB[i - 1].first) {
                cnt += dp[i - 1,j];
            }
        }
 
        // Update the value of ans
        ans += cnt;
    }
 
    // Return the total count of subsets
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
    int []A = { 1, 3, 2, 6 };
    int []B = { 7, 3, 2, 1 };
    int N = A.Length;
 
    Console.Write(countValidSubsets(A, B, N));
 
}
}
 
// This code contributed by shikhasingrajput


Javascript




<script>
// Javascript program for the above approach
 
// Function to find the number of non-empty
// subset of indices such that the maximum
// of values over these indices in A is
// at least the total sum over B[]
function countValidSubsets(A, B, N) {
  let ans = 0;
 
  let AB = new Array(N);
 
  // Stores the maximum element in
  // the array A[]
  let mx = Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER;
 
  // Do the DP in 1-based indexing
  // as there will be no corner case
  // to handle specifically
  for (let i = 0; i < N; i++) {
    AB[i] = [A[i], B[i]];
    mx = Math.max(mx, A[i]);
    console.log(A[i]);
  }
 
  // Sort the pair vector
  AB.sort((a, b) => a - b);
 
  // dp matrix where dp[i][j] denotes
  // total valid subsets upto index
  // i with sum j
 
  let dp = new Array(N + 1).fill(0).map(() => {
    return new Array(mx + 1).fill(0);
  });
  dp[0][0] = 1;
 
  // Traverse the array AB[]
  for (let i = 1; i <= N; i++)
  {
    for (let j = 0; j <= mx; j++)
    {
     
      // Selecting the current
      // element in the subset
      if (j + AB[i - 1][1] <= mx) {
        dp[i][j + AB[i - 1][1]] += dp[i - 1][j];
      }
 
      // Discarding the element
      dp[i][j] += dp[i - 1][j];
    }
  }
 
  // Take the count of valid subsets
  for (let i = 1; i <= N; ++i)
  {
    let cnt = 0;
 
    // Iterate through all the
    // possible subsets
    for (let j = 0; j <= mx; j++)
    {
     
      // Check if the current subsets
      // till index i having sum j
      // are valid
      if (j + AB[i - 1][1] <= AB[i - 1][0]) {
        cnt += dp[i - 1][j];
      }
    }
 
    // Update the value of ans
    ans += cnt;
  }
 
  // Return the total count of subsets
  return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
let A = [1, 3, 2, 6];
let B = [7, 3, 2, 1];
let N = A.length;
 
document.write(countValidSubsets(A, B, N));
 
// This code is contributed by gfgking.
</script>


Output: 

6

 

Time Complexity: O(N*M), where M is the maximum element in the array.
Auxiliary Space: O(N*M)



Last Updated : 09 Nov, 2021
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