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Compress a matrix into a single number using given operations

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Given a matrix mat[][] of dimension M * N, the task is to first compress it to obtain an array and, then compress it again to obtain a single integer using following operations:

  • When a matrix is compressed, its value’s binary representation gets compressed.
  • Therefore, each bit is considered, and if a position of a bit has S set bits and NS non-set bits, then the bit is set for the position if S > NS and unset otherwise.
  • Each column is compressed to turn the matrix into an array, then that array is compressed further into a single number.

For example, if 5, 2, 3, and 1 gets compressed then their binary representations (101)2, (010)2, (011)2, and (001)2 gets compressed then for the 0th and 1st positions, S ? NS and for the 2nd position S > NS, then the number modifies to (001)2 = 1.

Examples:

Input: arr[][] ={{ 3, 2, 4}, {5, 6, 1}, {8, 1, 3}}
Output: 1
Explanation: The array obtained after compressing the given matrix from top is {1, 2, 1 }.Then, the obtained array is compressed to 1.

Input: arr[][] = {{ 5, 3}, {6, 7}}
Output: 0

Approach: The idea is to count the number of set bits for each position. Follow the steps below to solve the problem:

  • Traverse through each element of each column of a matrix and compress each column to a single number.
  • Count the number of set bits for each position.
  • Set the bit for the positions with number of set bits exceeding the number of unset bits.
  • Calculate the value after deciding whether to set or not to set the bit for each position.
  • After obtaining an array, apply the same steps to obtain the required integer.

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

C++




// c++ Program for the above approach
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
  // Function to compress an
  // array to a single number
  vector<int> append(vector<int> arr, int x)
  {
     
    // create a new ArrayList
    arr.push_back(x);
    return arr;
  }
   
  int compress(vector<int> arr)
  {
 
    // Stores the required integer
    int ans = 0;
    int getBit = 1;
 
    // Checking for each position
    for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++)
    {
      int S = 0;
      int NS = 0;
      for (int j = 0; j < arr.size(); j++)
      {
 
        // Count set and unset bit
        int temp = getBit & arr[j];
        if (temp == 1) {
          S += 1;
        }
        else {
          NS += 1;
        }
 
        // If count of set bits exceeds
        // count of unset bits
        if (S > NS) {
 
          // Add value of set bits to ans
          ans += pow(2, i);
        }
        getBit <<= 1;
      }
    }
 
    return ans;
  }
 
  // Function to compress
  // matrix to a single number
 int getResult(vector<vector<int>> mat)
  {
 
    // Stores compressed array
    vector<int> compressedArr;
    int len = mat.size();
    int len2 = mat[0].size();
    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
    {
      vector<int> col;
 
      for (int j = 0; j < len2; j++)
      {
        col = append(col, mat[j][i]);
      }
       
      // Compress all columns
      // to a single number
      compressedArr = append(compressedArr, compress(col));
    }
    return compress(compressedArr);
  }
 
  // Driver Code
  int main()
  {
    vector<vector<int>> mat{{3, 2, 4 },{5, 6, 1},{8, 1, 3}};
    cout<<(getResult(mat));
  }
 
// THIS CODE IS CONTRIBUTED BY SURENDRA_GANGWAR.


Java




// Java Program for the above approach
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.*;
import java.lang.Math;
import java.util.*;
class GFG {
 
  // Function to compress an
  // array to a single number
  static Integer[] append(Integer arr[], int x)
  {
    // create a new ArrayList
    List<Integer> arrlist
      = new ArrayList<Integer>(Arrays.asList(arr));
 
    // Add the new element
    arrlist.add(x);
 
    // Convert the Arraylist to array
    arr = arrlist.toArray(arr);
 
    // return the array
    return arr;
  }
  static int compress(Integer[] arr)
  {
 
    // Stores the required integer
    int ans = 0;
    int getBit = 1;
 
    // Checking for each position
    for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
 
      int S = 0;
      int NS = 0;
 
      for (int j = 0; j < arr.length; j++) {
 
        // Count set and unset bit
        int and = getBit & arr[j];
        if (and == 1) {
          S += 1;
        }
        else {
          NS += 1;
        }
 
        // If count of set bits exceeds
        // count of unset bits
        if (S > NS) {
 
          // Add value of set bits to ans
          ans += Math.pow(2, i);
        }
        getBit <<= 1;
      }
    }
 
    return ans;
  }
 
  // Function to compress
  // matrix to a single number
  static int getResult(Integer[][] mat)
  {
 
    // Stores compressed array
    Integer[] compressedArr = {};
    int len = mat.length;
    int len2 = mat[0].length;
    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
    {
      Integer[] col = {};
 
      for (int j = 0; j < len2; j++)
      {
        col = append(col, mat[j][i]);
      }
       
      // Compress all columns
      // to a single number
      compressedArr
        = append(compressedArr, compress(col));
    }
    return compress(compressedArr);
  }
 
  // Driver Code
  public static void main(String[] args)
  {
    Integer[][] mat = { { 3, 2, 4 },
                       { 5, 6, 1 },
                       { 8, 1, 3 } };
    System.out.println(getResult(mat));
  }
}
 
// This code is contributed by rohitsingh07052.


Python3




# Python Program for the above approach
 
# Function to compress an
# array to a single number
def compress(arr):
 
  # Stores the required integer
  ans = 0
  getBit = 1
 
  # Checking for each position
  for i in range(32):
 
    S = 0
    NS = 0
 
    for j in arr:
 
      # Count set and unset bits
      if getBit&j:
        S += 1
      else:
        NS += 1
 
    # If count of set bits exceeds
    # count of unset bits
    if S > NS:
  
      # Add value of set bits to ans
      ans += 2**i
    getBit <<= 1
 
  return ans
 
# Function to compress
# matrix to a single number
def getResult(mat):
 
  # Stores compressed array
  compressedArr = []
 
  for i in range(len(mat)):
    col = []
    for j in range(len(mat[0])):
      col.append(mat[j][i])
 
    # Compress all columns
    # to a single number 
    compressedArr.append(compress(col))
 
  return compress(compressedArr)
 
# Driver Code
mat = [ [ 3, 2, 4], [5, 6, 1], [8, 1, 3] ]
 
print( getResult(mat) )


C#




// C# program for the above approach
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
 
class GFG{
 
// Function to compress an
// array to a single number
static int[] append(int []arr, int x)
{
     
    // create a new List
    List<int> arrlist = new List<int>(arr);
     
    // Add the new element
    arrlist.Add(x);
     
    // Convert the Arraylist to array
    arr = arrlist.ToArray();
     
    // return the array
    return arr;
}
 
static int compress(int[] arr)
{
 
    // Stores the required integer
    int ans = 0;
    int getBit = 1;
     
    // Checking for each position
    for(int i = 0; i < 32; i++)
    {
     
        int S = 0;
        int NS = 0;
         
        for(int j = 0; j < arr.Length; j++)
        {
 
            // Count set and unset bit
            int and = getBit & arr[j];
            if (and == 1)
            {
                S += 1;
            }
            else
            {
                NS += 1;
            }
             
            // If count of set bits exceeds
            // count of unset bits
            if (S > NS)
            {
                 
                // Add value of set bits to ans
                ans += (int)Math.Pow(2, i);
            }
            getBit <<= 1;
        }
    }
     
    return ans;
}
 
// Function to compress
// matrix to a single number
static int getResult(int[,] mat)
{
     
    // Stores compressed array
    int[] compressedArr = {};
    int len = mat.GetLength(0);
    int len2 = mat.GetLength(1);
     
    for(int i = 0; i < len; i++)
    {
        int[] col = {};
         
        for (int j = 0; j < len2; j++)
        {
            col = append(col, mat[j,i]);
        }
         
        // Compress all columns
        // to a single number
        compressedArr = append(compressedArr,
                               compress(col));
    }
    return compress(compressedArr);
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
    int[,] mat = { { 3, 2, 4 },
                   { 5, 6, 1 },
                   { 8, 1, 3 } };
                    
    Console.WriteLine(getResult(mat));
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by shikhasingrajput


Javascript




<script>
    // Javascript Program for the above approach
     
    // Function to compress an
    // array to a single number
    function append(arr, x)
    {
 
      // create a new ArrayList
      arr.push(x);
      return arr;
    }
     
    function compress(arr)
    {
 
      // Stores the required integer
      let ans = 0;
      let getBit = 1;
 
      // Checking for each position
      for (let i = 0; i < 32; i++)
      {
        let S = 0;
        let NS = 0;
        for (let j = 0; j < arr.length; j++)
        {
 
          // Count set and unset bit
          let temp = getBit & arr[j];
          if (temp == 1) {
            S += 1;
          }
          else {
            NS += 1;
          }
 
          // If count of set bits exceeds
          // count of unset bits
          if (S > NS) {
 
            // Add value of set bits to ans
            ans += Math.pow(2, i);
          }
          getBit <<= 1;
        }
      }
 
      return ans;
    }
 
    // Function to compress
    // matrix to a single number
    function getResult(mat)
    {
 
      // Stores compressed array
      let compressedArr = [];
      let len = mat.length;
      let len2 = mat[0].length;
      for (let i = 0; i < len; i++)
      {
        let col = [];
 
        for (let j = 0; j < len2; j++)
        {
          col = append(col, mat[j][i]);
        }
 
        // Compress all columns
        // to a single number
        compressedArr = append(compressedArr, compress(col));
      }
      return compress(compressedArr);
    }
     
    let mat = [[3, 2, 4 ],[5, 6, 1],[8, 1, 3]];
    document.write(getResult(mat));
 
// This code is contributed by mukesh07.
</script>


Output: 

1

 

Time Complexity: O(N*M) 
Auxiliary Space: O(N)



Last Updated : 27 Oct, 2021
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