Logical AND (&&)
While using && (logical AND), we must put the condition first whose probability of getting false is high so that compiler doesn’t need to check the second condition if the first condition is false.
#include <iostream.h> // Function to check whether n is oddbool isOdd(int n); // Function to check whether n is primebool isPrime(int n); int main(){ int cnt = 0, n = 10; // Implementation 1 for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) { if (isOdd(i) && isPrime(i)) cnt++; } cnt = 0; n = 10; // Implementation 2 for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) { if (isPrime(i) && isOdd(i)) cnt++; }} |
Consider the above implementation:
In implementation 1, we avoid checking even numbers whether they are prime or not as primality test requires more computation than checking a number for even/odd.
Probability of a number getting odd is more than of it being a prime that’s why we first check whether the number is odd before checking it for prime.
On the other hand in implementation 2, we are checking whether the number is prime or not before checking whether it is odd which makes unnecessary computation as all even numbers other than 2 are not prime but the implementation still checks them for prime.
Logical OR (||)
While using || (logical OR), we must put the condition first whose probability of getting true is high so that compiler doesn’t need to check the second condition if the first condition is true.
#include <iostream.h> // Function to check whether n is oddbool isEven(int n); // Function to check whether n is primebool isPrime(int n); int main(){ int cnt = 0, n = 10; // Implementation 1 for (int i = 3; i <= n; i++) { if (isEven(i) || !isPrime(i)) cnt++; }} |
As described earlier that the probability of a number being even is more than that of it being a non-prime. The current order of execution of the statements doesn’t allow even numbers greater than 2 to be checked whether they are non-prime (as they are all non-primes).
Note: For larger inputs, the order of the execution of statements can affect the overall execution time for the program.
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