Check whether the two Binary Search Trees are Identical or Not

Given the root nodes of the two binary search trees. The task is to print 1 if the two Binary Search Trees are identical else print 0. Two trees are identical if they are identical structurally and nodes have the same values.

Tree 1

Tree 2

In the above images, both Tree1 and Tree2 are identical.



To identify if two trees are identical, we need to traverse both trees simultaneously, and while traversing we need to compare data and children of the trees.

Below is the step by step algorithm to check if two BSTs are identical:

  1. If both trees are empty then return 1.
  2. Else If both trees are non -empty
    • Check data of the root nodes (tree1->data == tree2->data)
    • Check left subtrees recursively i.e., call sameTree(tree1->left_subtree, tree2->left_subtree)
    • Check right subtrees recursively i.e., call sameTree(tree1->right_subtree, tree2->right_subtree)
    • If the values returned in the above three steps are true then return 1.
  3. Else return 0 (one is empty and other is not).

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

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// C++ program to check if two BSTs
// are identical
  
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
  
// BST node
struct Node {
    int data;
    struct Node* left;
    struct Node* right;
};
  
// Utility function to create a new Node
struct Node* newNode(int data)
{
    struct Node* node = (struct Node*)
        malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
    node->data = data;
    node->left = NULL;
    node->right = NULL;
  
    return node;
}
  
// Function to perform inorder traversal
void inorder(Node* root)
{
    if (root == NULL)
        return;
  
    inorder(root->left);
  
    cout << root->data << " ";
  
    inorder(root->right);
}
  
// Function to check if two BSTs
// are identical
int isIdentical(Node* root1, Node* root2)
{
    // Check if both the trees are empty
    if (root1 == NULL && root2 == NULL)
        return 1;
    // If any one of the tree is non-empty
    // and other is empty, return false
    else if (root1 != NULL && root2 == NULL)
        return 0;
    else if (root1 == NULL && root2 != NULL)
        return 0;
    else { // Check if current data of both trees equal
        // and recursively check for left and right subtrees
        if (root1->data == root2->data && isIdentical(root1->left, root2->left)
            && isIdentical(root1->right, root2->right))
            return 1;
        else
            return 0;
    }
}
  
// Driver code
int main()
{
    struct Node* root1 = newNode(5);
    struct Node* root2 = newNode(5);
    root1->left = newNode(3);
    root1->right = newNode(8);
    root1->left->left = newNode(2);
    root1->left->right = newNode(4);
  
    root2->left = newNode(3);
    root2->right = newNode(8);
    root2->left->left = newNode(2);
    root2->left->right = newNode(4);
  
    if (isIdentical(root1, root2))
        cout << "Both BSTs are identical";
    else
        cout << "BSTs are not identical";
  
    return 0;
}

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Output:


Both BSTs are identical






          
          
          
          

            

    

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