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Check if the product of the K largest sums of subarrays is greater than M

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Given an array arr[] of N integers and two integers M and K. The task is to check if the product of the K largest sum of contiguous subarrays is greater than M.

Examples:

Input: arr[] = {10, -4, -2, 7}, M = 659, K = 3
Output: Yes The 3 largest contiguous sums for the subarrays are of the subarrays {10, -4, -2, 7}, {10} and {7} i.e. 11, 10 and 7, the product is 11 * 10 * 7 = 770 which is greater than 659.

Input: arr[] = {4, -3, 8}, M = 100, K = 6
Output: No

A brute force approach is to store all the sum of the contiguous subarray in some other array and sort it then calculate the product of the K largest sum and check if the value is greater than M. But in case of the size of the array being too large, the number of continuous subarrays will increase, and hence the auxiliary array will take more space. A better approach is to store the prefix sum of the array in the array itself. Then the sum of the subarray arr[i…j] can be calculated as arr[j] – arr[i – 1]. Now for storing the K largest sum contiguous subarrays, use a min-heap (priority queue) in which only the K maximum sums will be stored at a time. After that for every other element, check if the element is greater than the top element of the min-heap if yes then that element will be inserted into the min-heap and the top element will be popped from the min-heap. In the end, calculate the product of all the elements in the min-heap and check if it is greater than M or not.

Below is the implementation of the above approach: 

CPP




// C++ implementation of the approach
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
// Function that returns true is the product
// of the maximum K subarrays sums of
// arr[] is greater than M
bool checkKSum(int arr[], int n, int k, int M)
{
    // Update the array to store the prefix sum
    for (int i = 1; i < n; i++)
        arr[i] = arr[i - 1] + arr[i];
 
    // Min-heap
    priority_queue<int, vector<int>, greater<int> > Q;
 
    // Starting index of the subarray
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
 
        // Ending index of the subarray
        for (int j = i; j < n; j++) {
 
            // To store the sum of the
            // subarray arr[i...j]
            int sum
                = (i == 0) ? arr[j] : arr[j] - arr[i - 1];
 
            // If the queue has less than k elements
            // then simply push it
            if (Q.size() < k)
                Q.push(sum);
 
            else {
 
                // If the min heap has equal exactly k
                // elements then check if the current
                // sum is greater than the smallest
                // of the current k sums stored
                if (Q.top() < sum) {
                    Q.pop();
                    Q.push(sum);
                }
            }
        }
    }
 
    // Calculate the product of
    // the k largest sum
    long product = 1;
    while (!Q.empty()) {
        product *= Q.top();
        Q.pop();
    }
 
    // If the product is greater than M
    if (product > M)
        return true;
 
    return false;
}
 
// Driver code
int main()
{
    int a[] = { 10, -4, -2, 7 };
    int n = sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0]);
    int k = 3, M = 659;
 
    if (checkKSum(a, n, k, M))
        cout << "Yes";
    else
        cout << "No";
 
    return 0;
}


Java




// JAVA implementation of the approach
import java.util.*;
class GFG {
 
    // Function that returns true is the product
    // of the maximum K subarrays sums of
    // arr[] is greater than M
    public static boolean checkKSum(int arr[], int n, int k,
                                    int M)
    {
        // Update the array to store the prefix sum
        for (int i = 1; i < n; i++)
            arr[i] = arr[i - 1] + arr[i];
 
        // Min-heap
        PriorityQueue<Integer> Q
            = new PriorityQueue<Integer>();
 
        // Starting index of the subarray
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
 
            // Ending index of the subarray
            for (int j = i; j < n; j++) {
 
                // To store the sum of the
                // subarray arr[i...j]
                int sum = (i == 0) ? arr[j]
                                   : arr[j] - arr[i - 1];
 
                // If the queue has less than k elements
                // then simply push it
                if (Q.size() < k)
                    Q.add(sum);
 
                else {
 
                    // If the min heap has equal exactly k
                    // elements then check if the current
                    // sum is greater than the smallest
                    // of the current k sums stored
                    if (Q.poll() < sum) {
                        // Q.pop();
                        Q.add(sum);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
 
        // Calculate the product of
        // the k largest sum
        long product = 1;
        while (Q.isEmpty() == false) {
            product = product * Q.poll();
        }
 
        // If the product is greater than M
        if (product > M)
            return true;
 
        return false;
    }
 
    // Driver code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int a[] = { 10, -4, -2, 7 };
        int n = a.length;
        int k = 3, M = 659;
 
        if (checkKSum(a, n, k, M))
            System.out.println("Yes");
        else
            System.out.println("No");
    }
}
 
// This code is contributed by Taranpreet


Python3




# Python3 implementation of the approach
# importing heapq python module to implement min heap
import heapq
 
# Function that returns true is the product
# of the maximum K subarrays sums of
# arr[] is greater than M
def checkKSum(arr, n, k, M):
   
    # Update the array to store the prefix sum
    for i in range(1, n):
        arr[i] += arr[i-1]
    Q = arr
     
    # creating Min-heap with heapify() inbuilt function
    heapq.heapify(Q)
     
    # Starting index of the subarray
    for i in range(n):
       
        # Ending index of the subarray
        for j in range(i, n):
           
            # To store the sum of the
            # subarray arr[i...j]
            if i == 0:
                sum = 0
            else:
                sum = arr[j] - arr[i - 1]
                 
            # If the queue has less than k elements
            # then simply push it
            if len(Q) < k:
                Q.append(sum)
                heapq.heapify(Q)
            else:
                # If the min heap has equal exactly k
                # elements then check if the current
                # sum is greater than the smallest
                # of the current k sums stored
                if Q[0] < sum:
                    Q[0] = sum
                    heapq.heapify(Q)
                     
    # Calculate the product of
    # the k largest sum
    product = 1
    for i in Q:
        product *= i
         
    # If the product is greater than M
    if product > M:
        return True
    return False
 
# Driver code
if __name__ == '__main__':
    a = [10, -4, -2, 7]
    n = len(a)
    k, M = 3, 659
    if checkKSum(a, n, k, M):
        print('Yes')
    else:
        print('No')
         
'''This Code is contributed by Rajat Kumar (GLAU)'''


C#




// C# implementation of the approach
using System;
using System.Collections;
 
public class GFG
{
 
  // Function that returns true is the product
  // of the maximum K subarrays sums of
  // arr[] is greater than M
  public static bool checkKSum(int[] arr, int n, int k,
                               int M)
  {
 
    // Update the array to store the prefix sum
    for (int i = 1; i < n; i++)
      arr[i] = arr[i - 1] + arr[i];
 
    // Min-heap
    SortedList Q = new SortedList();
 
    // Starting index of the subarray
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
 
      // Ending index of the subarray
      for (int j = i; j < n; j++) {
 
        // To store the sum of the
        // subarray arr[i...j]
        int sum = (i == 0) ? arr[j]
          : arr[j] - arr[i - 1];
 
        // If the queue has less than k elements
        // then simply push it
        if (Q.Count < k)
          Q.Add(sum, sum);
 
        else {
 
          // If the min heap has equal exactly k
          // elements then check if the current
          // sum is greater than the smallest
          // of the current k sums stored
          int elem = (int)Q.GetByIndex(0);
          Q.RemoveAt(0);
          if (elem < sum) {
            // Q.pop();
            Q.Add(sum, sum);
          }
        }
      }
    }
 
    // Calculate the product of
    // the k largest sum
    long product = 1;
    while (Q.Count != 0) {
      int elem = (int)Q.GetByIndex(0);
      Q.RemoveAt(0);
      product = product * elem;
    }
 
    // If the product is greater than M
    if (product > M)
      return true;
 
    return false;
  }
  public static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    int[] a = { 10, -4, -2, 7 };
    int n = a.Length;
    int k = 3, M = 659;
 
    if (checkKSum(a, n, k, M))
      Console.WriteLine("Yes");
    else
      Console.WriteLine("No");
  }
}
 
// This code is contributed by phasing17


Javascript




// JavaScript implementation of the approach
 
  // Function that returns true is the product
  // of the maximum K subarrays sums of
  // arr[] is greater than M
  function checkKSum(arr, n, k, M)
  {
      var elem;
      var sum;
 
    // Update the array to store the prefix sum
    for (var i = 1; i < n; i++)
      arr[i] += arr[i - 1];
 
    // Min-heap
    let Q = arr;
 
    // Starting index of the subarray
    for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) {
 
      // Ending index of the subarray
      for (var j = i; j < n; j++) {
 
        // To store the sum of the
        // subarray arr[i...j]
        if (i == 0)
            sum = 0;
        else
            sum = arr[j] - arr[i - 1];
        Q.sort();
 
        // If the queue has less than k elements
        // then simply push it
        if (Q.length < k)
        {
           Q.push(sum);
        }
        else {
 
          // If the min heap has equal exactly k
          // elements then check if the current
          // sum is greater than the smallest
          // of the current k sums stored
           
 
          if (Q[0] < sum) {
            Q[0] = sum;
             
          }
           
          Q.sort();
        }
      }
    }
     
     
    // Calculate the product of
    // the k largest sum
    var product = 1;
    for (var elem of Q)
      product *= elem;
     
 
    // If the product is greater than M
    if (product > M)
      return true;
 
    return false;
  }
 
let a = [ 10, -4, -2, 7 ];
let n = a.length;
let k = 3;
let M = 659;
 
    if (checkKSum(a, n, k, M))
      console.log("Yes");
    else
      console.log("No");
 
 
// This code is contributed by phasing17


Output:

Yes

Time Complexity: O(n2log n)
Auxiliary Space: O(n)



Last Updated : 14 Nov, 2022
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