Centered Octagonal Number

Given a number n, find the nth centered octagonal number. 
A centered octagonal number represents an octagon with a dot in the center and others dots surrounding the center dot in the successive octagonal layer. 

Examples :

Input :  2
Output : 9

Input : 5
Output : 81

Centered Octagonal n-th Number is given by : 

Basic Implementation of the above approach: 

C++

// Program to find nth
// centered octagonal
// number
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

// Centered octagonal number function
int cen_octagonalnum(long int n)
{
    // Formula to calculate nth
    // centered octagonal number &
    // return it into main function.
    return (4 * n * n - 4 * n + 1);
}

// Driver Code
int main()
{
    long int n = 6;
    cout << n << "th  centered"
                 << " octagonal number : ";
    cout << cen_octagonalnum(n);
    cout << endl;
    n = 11;
    cout << n << "th  centered"
                  << " octagonal number : ";
    cout << cen_octagonalnum(n);

    return 0;
}

C

// C Program to find nth
// centered octagonal
// number
#include <stdio.h>

// Centered octagonal number function
int cen_octagonalnum(long int n)
{
    // Formula to calculate nth
    // centered octagonal number &
    // return it into main function.
    return (4 * n * n - 4 * n + 1);
}

// Driver Code
int main()
{
    long int n = 6;
    printf("%ldth  centered octagonal number : ",n);
    printf("%d\n",cen_octagonalnum(n));

    n = 11;
    printf("%ldth  centered octagonal number : ",n);
    printf("%d\n",cen_octagonalnum(n));

    return 0;
}

// This code is contributed by kothavvsaakash.

Java

// Java Program to find nth
// centered octagonal number
import java.io.*;

class GFG
{

    // Function to find centered
    // octagonal number
    static int centeredoctagonalNumber(int n)
    {
        // Formula to calculate nth
        // centered octagonal number
        // and return it into main function
        return 4 * n * (n - 1) + 1;
    }

    // Driver Code
    public static void main(String args[])
    {
        int n = 6;
        System.out.print(n + "th centered " +
                       "octagonal number: ");
        System.out.println(
                 centeredoctagonalNumber(n));

        n = 11;
        System.out.print(n + "th centered " +
                       "octagonal number: ");
        System.out.println(
                  centeredoctagonalNumber(n));

    }
}

// This code has been contributed by Prasad_Kshirsagar.

Python3

# Program to find nth
# centered octagonal number

def cen_octagonalnum(n) :

    # Formula to calculate nth
    # centered octagonal number
    return (4 * n * n -
            4 * n + 1)

# Driver Code
if __name__ == '__main__' :

    n = 6
    print(n,"th Centered",
            "octagonal number: ",
             cen_octagonalnum(n))
    n = 11
    print(n,"th Centered" ,
            "octagonal number: ",
             cen_octagonalnum(n))

# This code is contributed
# by akt_mit

C#

// Program to find nth centered octagonal
// number
using System;

public class GFG{

    // Centered octagonal number function
    static long cen_octagonalnum(long  n)
    {

        // Formula to calculate nth
        // centered octagonal number &
        // return it into main function.
        return (4 * n * n - 4 * n + 1);
    }

    // Driver code
    static public void Main ()
    {
        long n = 6;
        Console.WriteLine(n + "th centered"
                    + " octagonal number : "
        + cen_octagonalnum(n));

        n = 11;
        Console.WriteLine(n + "th centered"
                    + " octagonal number : "
                    + cen_octagonalnum(n));
    }
}

// This code is contributed by anuj_67.

PHP

<?php
// Program to find nth
// centered octagonal
// number

// Centered octagonal
// number function
function cen_octagonalnum($n)
{
    // Formula to calculate nth
    // centered octagonal number &
    // return it into main function.
    return (4 * $n * $n -
            4 * $n + 1);
}

// Driver Code
$n = 6;
echo $n ,"th centered",
     " octagonal number : ";
echo cen_octagonalnum($n);
echo "\n";

$n = 11;
echo $n , "th centered",
     " octagonal number : ";
echo cen_octagonalnum($n);


// This code is contributed by ajit
?>

Javascript

<script>

// Javascript Program to find nth
// centered octagonal number

// Function to find centered
// octagonal number
function centeredoctagonalNumber(n)
{

    // Formula to calculate nth
    // centered octagonal number
    // and return it into main function
    return 4 * n * (n - 1) + 1;
}

// Driver Code
var n = 6;
document.write(n + "th centered " +
               "octagonal number: ");
document.write(centeredoctagonalNumber(n) + "<br>");

n = 11;
document.write(n + "th centered " +
               "octagonal number: ");
document.write(centeredoctagonalNumber(n));

// This code is contributed by Kirti

</script>

Output

6th  centered octagonal number : 121
11th  centered octagonal number : 441

Time Complexity: O(1)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)