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C | Structure & Union | Question 8

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union test
{
    int x;
    char arr[4];
    int y;
};
  
int main()
{
    union test t;
    t.x = 0;
    t.arr[1] = 'G';
    printf("%s", t.arr);
    return 0;
}


Predict the output of above program. Assume that the size of an integer is 4 bytes and size of character is 1 byte. Also assume that there is no alignment needed.
(A) Nothing is printed
(B) G
(C) Garbage character followed by ‘G’
(D) Garbage character followed by ‘G’, followed by more garbage characters
(E) Compiler Error


Answer: (A)

Explanation: Since x and arr[4] share the same memory, when we set x = 0, all characters of arr are set as 0. O is ASCII value of ‘\0’. When we do “t.arr[1] = ‘G'”, arr[] becomes “\0G\0\0”. When we print a string using “%s”, the printf function starts from the first character and keeps printing till it finds a \0. Since the first character itself is \0, nothing is printed.

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Last Updated : 28 Jun, 2021
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