Batch Script – Return code
Return codes are the codes returned by programs when they are executed. If the command line is successful, it should return zero; if it is not successful, it should return non-zero. If the test fails, a non-zero value indicates the error number, and the user can attempt to resolve it by navigating to the error message.
The test may also return an exit code. A program’s or utility’s exit code usually appears when it finishes or terminates.
The list below includes some of the non-zero exit codes (with their respective errors) that programs may return
Error Code |
Description |
0 |
Successful completion of the program. |
1 |
This error indicates that the Windows command prompt has attempted to execute an unrecognized action |
2 |
An error indicating that the file could not be found in the specified location |
3 |
An error message indicated that the specified path could not be found. |
5 |
An indication that the user is not authorized to access the resource |
90090×2331 |
This error occurs when you misspell the command, application name, or path when configuring an Action. |
2212254950xC0000017-1073741801 |
The error message tells you that Windows has run out of memory. |
32212257860xC000013A-1073741510 |
This indicates that the user terminated the application |
32212257940xC0000142-1073741502 |
The message indicating that the application was launched on a desktop to which the current user doesn’t have access |
Batch file error level:
%ERRORLEVEL% is an environment variable that contains the last error level or return code in the batch file – that is, the last error code of the last command executed. Error levels may be checked by using the %ERRORLEVEL% variable as follows:
IF %ERRORLEVEL% NEQ 0 (
DO_Something
)
A common method of returning error codes from batch files is to use the command EXIT /B %ERRORLEVEL%.
For custom return codes, use the EXIT /B <exitcodes> command.
Example:
In the below example, if the condition is met, the script will terminate with the exit code 0. If the condition isn’t met, then the exit code will be 1.
if [[ "$(whoami)" != root ]]; then
echo "Not root user."
exit 1
fi
echo "root user"
exit 0
Output:
Output
Loops:
There have been statements enacted sequentially in the decision-making chapter. Alternatively, Batch Script can also be used to alter the flow of control in a program’s logic. These statements are then organized into flow control statements.
Serial No |
Loops |
Description |
1 |
While Statement Implementation |
There is no direct while statement in Batch Script, although labels and an if statement can be used to implement this loop. |
2 |
For Statement – List Implementations |
Batch files can loop using the “FOR” construct. In order to work with a list of values, the ‘for’ statement requires the following construct. |
3 |
Looping through Ranges |
‘For’ statements can also move through ranges of values. A general version is presented below. |
4 |
Classic for Loop Implementation |
It has the classic ‘for’ statement found in many programming languages. |
5 |
Break Statement Implementation |
Within any programming language, the break statement is used to alter the flow of control inside a loop. As part of looping constructs, the break statement causes the innermost enclosing loop to terminate immediately |
Looping through Command Line Arguments
For checking command-line arguments, you can use the for statement. Here is an example of how to loop through the arguments of a command line using the ‘for’ statement.
for ((c=1; c<=7; c++))
do
echo "Welcome $c times"
done
Output:
Output
Last Updated :
27 Jan, 2022
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