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Automata Theory | Set 7

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These questions for practice purpose for GATE CS Exam. Ques-1: Consider L= {(TM) | TM is the Turing machine that halts on all input and L(TM)= L’ for some undecidable language L’}. Here, (TM) is the encoding of a Turing machine as a string over alphabet {0, 1} then L is: (A) decidable and recursively enumerable (B) decidable and recursive (C) decidable and non-recursive (D) undecidable and recursively enumerable Explanation: Here, TM is Turing machine that halts on all input, so L(TM) is decidable and you know that halting Turing machine accepts recursive language and complement of recursive language can be recursively enumerable which is undecidable. Hence, L is decidable and recursive. Option (B) is correct. Ques-2: Which of the following problem(s) is/are decidable? (A) given two Context sensitive grammar P and Q, is L(P)= L(Q)? (B) given a Context sensitive grammar P, is L(P) finite or not? (C) given a Context free grammar P, is L(P) finite or not? (D) given two deterministic Context free grammar P and Q, is L(P)= L(Q)? Explanation: Since, you know that for context free language finiteness problem is decidable. So, option (C) is correct. Ques-3: Which of the following statement is true? (A) given a recursively enumerable grammar P, L(P) is regular language. (B) given two Context free grammar P and Q, L(P)= L(Q). (C) given two deterministic Context free grammar P and Q, L(P) is subset of L(Q). (D) given a Context sensitive grammar P, complement of L(P) is same as L(P). Explanation: Since, you know that for a Context sensitive language complement of a given language is a language of same type. So, option (D) is correct. Ques-4: Consider L= {(ap)* | P is a prime number} over the alphabet {a}, then what is the minimum number of states in NFA that accepts the language L? (A) three (B) five (C) two (D) four Explanation:

L = {(ap)* | P is a prime number}
L = (a2)* U (a3)* U (a5)* U ......
L = {epsilon, a2, a3, a4, a5, ......}  

That is, all strings of a’s except ‘a’ In the above NFA, only string ‘a’ is not accepted. Hence, number of states required is three. So, option (A) is correct. Ques-5: Consider the Context free grammars over the alphabet {a, b} given below, where ‘S’ is non-terminal

X:S= aSa |aSb |epsilon
Y:S= aaS |bbS |epsilon 

What is the length of the shortest string which does not belongs to L(X) but belongs to L(Y)? (A) three (B) four (C) one (D) six Explanation: Here, L(X)= set of even palindromes and L(Y)= (aa + bb)* So, string “aabb” or “bbaa” belongs to L(Y) but does not belongs to L(X). Hence, four is the answer. Option (B) is true.


Last Updated : 29 Dec, 2022
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