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Addition of Lines to a Plot in R Programming – lines() Function

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lines() function in R Programming Language is used to add lines of different types, colors and width to an existing plot.

Syntax: lines(x, y, col, lwd, lty)

Parameters: 

  • x, y: Vector of coordinates
  • col: Color of line
  • lwd: Width of line
  • lty: Type of line

Add of Lines to a Plot using lines() Function in R

Sample Scatter plot for demonstration

Here we are going to create a scatter plot using the dataset.

R




# R program to create a scatter plot
 
# Creating coordinate vectors
x <- c(1.3, 3.5, 1.4, -3.1, 5.7, 2.4,
       3.3, 2.5, 2.3, 1.9, 1.8, 2.3)
y <- c(2.5, 5.8, 2.1, -3, 12, 5, 6.2,
       4.8, 4.2, 3.5, 3.7, 5.2)
 
# Plotting the graph
plot(x, y, cex = 1, pch = 3,
     xlab ="x", ylab ="y",
     col ="black")


Output:

Example 1: Adding a line to scatter points using lines() functions.

R




# R program to add lines into plots
 
# Creating coordinate vectors
x <- c(1.3, 3.5, 1.4, -3.1, 5.7,
       2.4, 3.3, 2.5, 2.3, 1.9, 1.8, 2.3)
y <- c(2.5, 5.8, 2.1, -3, 12, 5,
       6.2, 4.8, 4.2, 3.5, 3.7, 5.2)
 
# Plotting the graph
plot(x, y, cex = 1, pch = 3, xlab ="x",
     ylab ="y", col ="black")
 
# Creating coordinate vectors
x2 <- c(4.3, 1.2, -2.5, -0.4)
y2 <- c(3.5, 4.6, 2.5, 3.2)
 
# Plotting a line
lines(x2, y2, col = "red",
      lwd = 2, lty = 1)


Output:

Example 2: Use points to Add Points to a Plot in R

Here we are going to create a scatter plot and then we will connect lines with lines() function.

R




# R program to add lines into plots
 
# Creating coordinate vectors
x <- c(1.3, 3.5, 1.4, -3.1, 5.7, 2.4,
       3.3, 2.5, 2.3, 1.9, 1.8, 2.3)
y <- c(2.5, 5.8, 2.1, -3, 12, 5, 6.2,
       4.8, 4.2, 3.5, 3.7, 5.2)
 
# Plotting the graph
plot(x, y, cex = 1, pch = 3,
     xlab ="x", ylab ="y",
     col ="black")
 
lines(x, y, col = "red")


Output: 

Example : 

example of how to add lines to the plot in R using the lines() function.

R




# Create some sample data
      x <- 1:10
      y <- x^2
 
# Create a plot of the data
plot(x, y)
 
# Add a vertical line at x = 5
abline(v = 5)
 
# Add a horizontal line at y = 25
abline(h = 25)
 
# Add a diagonal line with slope 1 and intercept 0
abline(a = 0, b = 1)
 
# Add a line using the lines() function
   x2 <- 1:10
   y2 <- 2*x2 + 3
   lines(x2, y2, col = "red", lty = 2)


output :

 



Last Updated : 11 Apr, 2023
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