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8-bit game using pygame

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Pygame is a python library that can be used specifically to design and build games. Pygame supports only 2d games that are built using different sprites. Pygame is not particularly best for designing games as it is very complex to use doesn’t have a proper GUI like unity but it definitely builds logic for further complex projects.
We’ll be creating a simple game with the following rules:-
 

  • The player can only move vertically. 
     
  • Other than player block there will be two other blocks. 
     
  • One of them will be the enemy block and one of them will be score block. 
     
  • If the player collides with the enemy block then the game over screen pops up, if the player collides with the score block the score is incremented and it is compulsory to collect all score blocks. 
     

We’ll be using various techniques such as the use of functions, random variables, various pygame functions etc.
 

Installation

Before initializing pygame library we need to install it. To install it type the below command in the terminal.
 

pip install pygame

After installing the pygame library we need to write the following lines to initialize the pygame library:-
 

import pygame
pygame.init()

These lines are pretty self explanatory. The pygame.init() function initiates the pygame library.
Then we need to initialize the screen where we want to place our blocks. This can be done by writing following lines:-
 

res = (720, 720)
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(res)

The tuple res holds two values that will define the resolution of our game. Then we need to define another variable screen that will actually act as our workbench. This can be done by using pygame.display.set_mode((arg, arg)). The tuple (arg, arg) can be stored into a variable res to reduce processor load.
Now we need an actual screen to pop up when we run the code this can be done by a for and while loop in following way:-
 

while True:
for ev in pygame.event.get():
if ev.type==pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()

The while loop used here run till the condition is true. We define a variable ev that in pygame.event. Now if the user clicks on the cross button of the window the condition is changed to false and the while loop ends killing the current window.
Below is the implementation. 
 

Python3




# Python program to demonstrate
# 8 bit game
 
 
import pygame
import sys
import random
 
 
# initialize the constructor
pygame.init()
res = (720, 720)
 
# randomly assigns a value to variables
# ranging from lower limit to upper
c1 = random.randint(125, 255
c2 = random.randint(0, 255)
c3 = random.randint(0, 255)
 
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(res)
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
red = (255, 0, 0)
green = (0, 255, 0)
blue = (0, 0, 255)
color_list = [red, green, blue]
colox_c1 = 0
colox_c2 = 0
colox_c3 = 254
colox_c4 = 254
 
# randomly assigns a colour from color_list
# to player
player_c = random.choice(color_list)
 
# light shade of menu buttons
startl = (169, 169, 169
 
# dark shade of menu buttons
startd = (100, 100, 100
white = (255, 255, 255)
start = (255, 255, 255)
width = screen.get_width()
height = screen.get_height()
 
# initial X position of player
lead_x = 40
 
# initial y position of player
lead_y = height / 2
x = 300
y = 290
width1 = 100
height1 = 40
enemy_size = 50
 
# defining a font
smallfont = pygame.font.SysFont('Corbel', 35)
 
# texts to be rendered on screen
text = smallfont.render('Start', True, white)
text1 = smallfont.render('Options', True, white)
exit1 = smallfont.render('Exit', True, white)
 
# game title
colox = smallfont.render('Colox', True, (c3, c2, c1)) 
x1 = random.randint(width / 2, width)
y1 = random.randint(100, height / 2)
x2 = 40
y2 = 40
speed = 15
 
# score of the player
count = 0 
rgb = random.choice(color_list)
 
# enemy position
e_p = [width, random.randint(50, height - 50)] 
e1_p = [random.randint(width, width + 100), random.randint(50, height
        - 100)]
  
 
# function for game_over
def game_over():
     
    while True:
         
        # if the player clicks the cross
        # button
        for ev in pygame.event.get():
            if ev.type == pygame.QUIT:
                pygame.quit()
                 
            if ev.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
                if 100 < mouse1[0] < 140 and height - 100 < mouse1[1] \
                    < height - 80:
                    pygame.quit()
                     
                if ev.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
                    if width - 180 < mouse1[0] < width - 100 and height \
                        - 100 < mouse1[1] < height - 80:
                         
                        # calling function game
                        game(lead_x, lead_y, speed, count) 
  
        # fills the screen with specified colour
        screen.fill((65, 25, 64)) 
        smallfont = pygame.font.SysFont('Corbel', 60)
        smallfont1 = pygame.font.SysFont('Corbel', 25)
        game_over = smallfont.render('GAME OVER', True, white)
        game_exit = smallfont1.render('exit', True, white)
        restart = smallfont1.render('restart', True, white)
        mouse1 = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
  
        # exit
        if 100 < mouse1[0] < 140 and height - 100 < mouse1[1] < height - 80:
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, startl, [100, height - 100, 40,20])
        else:
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, startd, [100, height - 100, 40,20])
  
        # restart
        if width - 180 < mouse1[0] < width - 100 and height - 100 < mouse1[1] < height - 80:
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, startl, [width - 180, height- 100, 80, 20])
        else:
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, startd, [width - 180, height- 100, 80, 20])
  
        screen.blit(game_exit, (100, height - 100))
     
        # superimposes one object on other
        screen.blit(restart, (width - 180, height - 100)) 
        screen.blit(game_over, (width / 2 - 150, 295))
         
        # updates frames of the game
        pygame.display.update()
  
  
pygame.draw.rect(screen, startd, [100, height - 100, 40, 20])
pygame.draw.rect(screen, startd, [width - 180, height - 100, 40, 50])
  
 
 
# function for body of the game
def game(
    lead_y,
    lead_X,
    speed,
    count,
    ):
  
    while True:
        for ev in pygame.event.get():
            if ev.type == pygame.QUIT:
                pygame.quit()
  
 
        # player control
        # keeps track of the key pressed
        keys = pygame.key.get_pressed() 
        if keys[pygame.K_UP]:
             
            # if up key is pressed then the players
            # y pos will decrement by 10
            lead_y -= 10 
        if keys[pygame.K_DOWN]:
             
            # if down key is pressed then the y pos
            # of the player is incremented by 10
            lead_y += 10 
        screen.fill((65, 25, 64))
        clock.tick(speed)
         
        # draws a rectangle on the screen
        rect = pygame.draw.rect(screen, player_c, [lead_x, lead_y, 40,40]) 
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, (c1, c2, c3), [0, 0, width, 40])
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, (c3, c2, c1), [0, 680, width, 40])
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, startd, [width - 100, 0, 100, 40])
        smallfont = pygame.font.SysFont('Corbel', 35)
        exit2 = smallfont.render('Exit', True, white)
  
        # exit
        # gets the X and y position of mouse
        # pointer and stores them as a tuple
        mouse = pygame.mouse.get_pos() 
        if width - 100 < mouse[0] < width and 0 < mouse[1] < 40:
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, startl, [width - 100, 0, 100, 40])
        else:
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, startd, [width - 100, 0, 100, 40])
        if width - 100 < mouse[0] < width and 0 < mouse[1] < 40:
            if ev.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
                pygame.quit()
  
        # enemy position
        if e_p[0] > 0 and e_p[0] <= width:
             
            # if the enemy block's X coordinate is between 0 and
            # the width of the screen the X value gets
            # decremented by 10
            e_p[0] -= 10 
        else:
            if e_p[1] <= 40 or e_p[1] >= height - 40:
                e_p[1] = height / 2
            if e1_p[1] <= 40 or e1_p[1] >= height - 40:
                e1_p[1] = random.randint(40, height - 40)
            e_p[1] = random.randint(enemy_size, height - enemy_size)
            e_p[0] = width
  
 
        # game over
        # collision detection
        if lead_x <= e_p[0] <= lead_x + 40 and lead_y >= e_p[1] >= lead_y - 40:
            game_over() 
             
        # checks if the player block has collided with the enemy block
        if lead_y <= e_p[1] + enemy_size <= lead_y + 40 and lead_x <= e_p[0] <= lead_x + 40:
            game_over()
  
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, red, [e_p[0], e_p[1], enemy_size,enemy_size])
        if e1_p[0] > 0 and e1_p[0] <= width + 100:
            e1_p[0] -= 10
        else:
            if e1_p[1] <= 40 or e1_p[1] >= height - 40:
                e1_p[1] = height / 2
            e1_p[1] = random.randint(enemy_size, height - 40)
            e1_p[0] = width + 100
  
        if lead_x <= e1_p[0] <= lead_x + 40 and lead_y >= e1_p[1] >= lead_y - 40:
            e1_p[0] = width + 100
            e1_p[1] = random.randint(40, height - 40)
            count += 1
            speed += 1
        if lead_y <= e1_p[1] + enemy_size <= lead_y + 40 and lead_x <= e1_p[0] <= lead_x + 40:
            e1_p[0] = width + 100
            e1_p[1] = random.randint(40, height - 40)
             
            # increases the score when blue box is hit
            count += 1 
             
            # increases the speed as score increases
            speed += 1 
  
            if count >= 45:
         
                # freezes the game FPS to 60 if
                # score reaches 45 or more
                speed = 60 
  
        if lead_y <= 38 or lead_y >= height - 38:
            game_over()
        if e1_p[0] <= 0:
            game_over()
  
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, blue, [e1_p[0], e1_p[1], enemy_size,
                         enemy_size])
        score1 = smallfont.render('Score:', True, white)
        screen.blit(score1, (width - 120, height - 40))
        screen.blit(exit2, (width - 80, 0))
        pygame.display.update()
  
  
# intro
def intro(
    colox_c1,
    colox_c2,
    colox,
    exit1,
    text1,
    text,
    ):
    intro = True
    while intro:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                pygame.quit()
        screen.fill((65, 25, 64))
        mouse = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
  
        # start screen
        if x < mouse[0] < x + width1 and y < mouse[1] < y + height1:
             
            # if mouse is hovered on a button
            # its colour shade becomes lighter
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, startl, [x, y, width1, height1]) 
        else:
            if x < mouse[0] < x + width1 + 40 and y + 70 < mouse[1] < y \
                + 70 + height1:
                pygame.draw.rect(screen, startl, [x, y + 70, width1+40,height1])
            else:
  
                if x < mouse[0] < width1 + x and y + 140 < mouse[1] < y + 140 + height1:
                    pygame.draw.rect(screen, startl, [x, y + 140,width1,height1])
                else:
                    pygame.draw.rect(screen, startd, [x, y, width1,height1])
                    pygame.draw.rect(screen, startd, [x, y + 70, width1
                            + 40, height1])
                    pygame.draw.rect(screen, startd, [x, y + 140,width1, height1])
  
        # start button
        if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            if x < mouse[0] < x + width1 and y < mouse[1] < y + height1:
                #music()
                game(lead_y, lead_x, speed, count)
  
        if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            if x < mouse[0] < width1 + x and y + 140 < mouse[1] < y + 140 + height1:
                pygame.quit()
  
        # this handles the colour breezing effect
        if 0 <= colox_c1 <= 254 or 0 <= colox_c2 <= 254:
            colox_c1 += 1
            colox_c2 += 1
        if colox_c1 >= 254 or colox_c2 >= 254:
            colox_c1 = c3
            colox_c2 = c3
  
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, (c2, colox_c1, colox_c2), [0, 0, 40,
                         height])
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, (c2, colox_c1, colox_c2), [width - 40,
                         0, 40, height])
        smallfont = pygame.font.SysFont('Corbel', 35)
        sig = smallfont.render('Designed by :- Antriksh', True, white)
        text = smallfont.render('Start', True, white)
        text1 = smallfont.render('Options', True, white)
        exit1 = smallfont.render('Exit', True, white)
        colox = smallfont.render('Colox', True, (c1, colox_c1,
                                 colox_c2))
        screen.blit(colox, (312, 50))
        screen.blit(text, (312, 295))
        screen.blit(text1, (312, 365))
        screen.blit(exit1, (312, 435))
        screen.blit(sig, (320, height - 50))
        clock.tick(60)
        pygame.display.update()
  
  
intro(
    colox_c1,
    colox_c2,
    colox,
    exit1,
    text1,
    text,
    )


Output:
 

 



Last Updated : 02 Sep, 2021
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