3D Scatter Plotting in Python using Matplotlib

A 3D Scatter Plot is a mathematical diagram, the most basic version of three-dimensional plotting used to display the properties of data as three variables of a dataset using the cartesian coordinates.To create a 3D Scatter plot, Matplotlib’s mplot3d toolkit is used to enable three dimensional plotting.Generally 3D scatter plot is created by using ax.scatter3D() the function of the matplotlib library which accepts a data sets of X, Y and Z to create the plot while the rest of the attributes of the function are the same as that of two dimensional scatter plot.

Example 1: Let’s create a basic 3D scatter plot using the ax.scatter3D() function.

# Import libraries 
from mpl_toolkits import mplot3d 
import numpy as np 
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
  
  
# Creating dataset 
z = np.random.randint(100, size =(50)) 
x = np.random.randint(80, size =(50)) 
y = np.random.randint(60, size =(50)) 
  
# Creating figure 
fig = plt.figure(figsize = (10, 7)) 
ax = plt.axes(projection ="3d") 
  
# Creating plot 
ax.scatter3D(x, y, z, color = "green"); 
plt.title("simple 3D scatter plot") 
  
# show plot 
plt.show() 

Output :

Example 2 : For better understanding Let’s take another example.

# Import libraries 
from mpl_toolkits import mplot3d 
import numpy as np 
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
  
  
# Creating dataset 
z = 4 * np.tan(np.random.randint(10, size =(500))) + np.random.randint(100, size =(500)) 
x = 4 * np.cos(z) + np.random.normal(size = 500) 
y = 4 * np.sin(z) + 4 * np.random.normal(size = 500) 
  
# Creating figure 
fig = plt.figure(figsize = (16, 9)) 
ax = plt.axes(projection ="3d") 
    
# Add x, y gridlines  
ax.grid(b = True, color ='grey',  
        linestyle ='-.', linewidth = 0.3,  
        alpha = 0.2)  
  
  
# Creating color map 
my_cmap = plt.get_cmap('hsv') 
  
# Creating plot 
sctt = ax.scatter3D(x, y, z, 
                    alpha = 0.8, 
                    c = (x + y + z),  
                    cmap = my_cmap,  
                    marker ='^') 
  
plt.title("simple 3D scatter plot") 
ax.set_xlabel('X-axis', fontweight ='bold')  
ax.set_ylabel('Y-axis', fontweight ='bold')  
ax.set_zlabel('Z-axis', fontweight ='bold') 
fig.colorbar(sctt, ax = ax, shrink = 0.5, aspect = 5) 
  
# show plot 
plt.show() 

Output :

My Personal Notes

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