Match the following List-I: Charaterisitic of deadlock with List-II:

List-I	List-II
I. Mutual Exclusion	(a) A resource cannot be taken from a process unless the process releases the resource.
II. Hold and Wait	(b) A process is holding at least one resource and waiting for resources.
III. No Preemption	(c) A set of processes are waiting for each other in circular form.
IV. Circular Wait	(d) One or more than one resource are sharable.

(A) I – (d), II – (b), III – (a), IV – (c)
(B) I – (d), II – (c), III – (b), IV – (a)
(C) I – (d), II – (b), III – (c), IV – (a)
(D) None of these


Answer: (D)

Explanation: Deadlock can arise if following four conditions hold simultaneously (Necessary Conditions):

• Mutual Exclusion: One or more than one resource are non-sharable (Only one process can use at a time)
• Hold and Wait: A process is holding at least one resource and waiting for resources.
• No Preemption: A resource cannot be taken from a process unless the process releases the resource.
• Circular Wait: A set of processes are waiting for each other in circular form.

So, for the mutual exclusion, no state is matching.

Option (D) is correct.

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